PharmEasy Blog

What Is Likely To Happen With The New Rise In Covid Cases

After two years of grappling with Covid and its resultant crises (health and economy), 2022 has been a year without significant fatalities. People had returned to their pre-Covid lifestyles and breathed a sigh of relief. 

However, the world has been alarmed by the news of a prospective new wave of Covid. Covid cases are rising in China. A new sub-variant of Omicron is the reason behind the new cases. 

What is Omicron BF.7? And what does this sub-variant mean for India? Let’s find out. 

Rising Covid cases in China have brought the international scanner on the new sub-lineage of Omicron, BF.7. The number of Covid cases in the US, South Korea and Brazil has also increased, as per reports. In most likelihood, it has appeared in many European countries as well. 

A handful of cases have been found in India as well.

The Union Health Ministry has reassured the nation that there has not been an overall increase in caseload and the situation is being monitored. All states have been requested to continue genome sequencing to track the progress of this new sub-variant and understand it better. 

What we know for certain is that Omicron BF.7 is much more transmissible than its precursors. It has an R-value of 10-18.6, meaning one infected person can spread it to between ten to eighteen people. 

But is it more dangerous than the other variants? Most likely, it isn’t. However, as is the nature of all viruses, Covid variants are mutating and this is why Omicron BF.7 may be able to dodge immunity formed by vaccination or by prior exposure and become more transmissible. 

What can India expect? 

It is too early to say what dimensions this new situation will take. The vaccination response in India has been a rousing success and most of the population has been vaccinated. 

In this context, doctors are recommending the booster dose to people. We also have a new intranasal vaccine now available on Co-Win App for precautionary doses.

According to many reports, only about 4% of the population chose to get the booster shot. Now would be a good time to get the booster jab. It will shore up immunity to ready us for a possible new outbreak. 

The good news is some experts are stating that the infections may not be anywhere close to as severe as those caused by the Delta variant. There will likely not be a drop in oxygen saturation level or breathing issues. But given the number of deaths reported in China, we must be careful and exercise all precautions. 

But the volume of cases, owing to how contagious the variant is, is a little worrying. 

Possible symptoms of Covid infection caused by BF.7 are-

BF.7, being a sublineage of Omicron, will likely present Omicron-like symptoms. As we have seen in previous waves- this variant can cause a full spectrum of diseases ranging from asymptomatic to severe illness. 

What is to be done now? 

Let’s not panic but follow Covid appropriate behaviour sincerely. Here are some tips-

In a Nutshell

Covid was never gone. Like influenza, it may always stay with us. But through immunisation (by both infection and vaccination) and the passage of time, the population becomes better equipped to deal with a virus. However, that does not mean we can reject caution. As and when the government suggests, we should follow Covid mandates so that we can quickly return to our normal lives. 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

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iNCOVACC: India’s First Intranasal Covid Vaccine!

India has made another breakthrough in the war against the Covid pandemic with its first intranasal Covid vaccine, iNCOVACC, created by Bharat Biotech. The intranasal Covid vaccine was approved by DCGI (Drug Controller General of India) in September 2022 and then by CDSCO in November 2022 for restricted use under emergency situations for people 18 years and above. iNCOVACC- the intranasal covid vaccine will now be available under the Covid vaccination program in India. This needle-free Covid vaccine, which is easy to administer, can also be used as a booster for people who have received previous doses of any approved Covid vaccines(heterologous booster). 

Let’s know more about iNCOVACC – intranasal covid vaccine

iNCOVACC intranasal vaccine is a type of recombinant vaccine, meaning that it is created with an adenovirus vector. This kind of vaccine is made after extracting only a tiny piece of the DNA from the concerned bacterium or virus for which immunity is to be built and is inserted into the cells while manufacturing them. It is made with a pre-fusion spike protein that is stabilised. The vaccine has been formulated so that intranasal delivery is possible through nasal drops. The nasal delivery system has been developed cost-effectively, keeping in mind middle-income and low-income countries.

How is the intranasal covid vaccine administered?

iNCOVACC is a nasal vaccine to be administered twice at intervals of four weeks (28 days). Four drops will be administered into each nostril, thus totalling eight drops (0.5 mL dose in total).

Benefits of intranasal vaccination

Eligibility for iNCOVACC

To be eligible for this vaccine, candidates must be 18 years and above. 

Ineligibility for iNCOVACC

You should not get the iNCOVACC vaccine if you have any of the following conditions:

· If allergic to any of the ingredients listed on the vaccine label.

· If you experienced an allergic reaction after the first dose.

· You should not take the vaccine if you are suffering from fever or acute infection.

Things to mention before getting iNCOVACC

At the time of getting the vaccine, you should mention the following to your healthcare provider:

Since this vaccine is a comparatively newer invention, it is yet to be found what the effects of the vaccine can have on pregnant women or what effects it can generate upon interaction with other medications. However, for safety, it is best recommended to consult your healthcare provider before taking this nasal vaccine if you are on any doctor-prescribed medication or if you are pregnant or breastfeeding your child.

Side effects of iNCOVACC

Concerning the clinical trials conducted, the following side effects have been noticed:

· Fever

· Headache

· Sneezing

· Runny nose

Storage conditions required for iNCOVACC – 

Once opened, The multi-dose vial should be used as soon as practically possible and within 6 hours when kept between +2 to +8°C. iNCOVACC should be discarded at the end of the immunisation session or within 6 hours, whichever comes first. Vials must not be frozen. 

The iNCOVACC vaccine has been designed to provide immunity against COVID-19, a viral disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 of the coronavirus family. The COVID-19 infection has caused massive damage to people’s health, economy and social-political standing since it spread globally in the earlier part of 2020. The virus spread as a result of people-to-people contact and respiratory droplets. 

End note

The iNCOVACC vaccine has been designed to provide immunity against COVID-19, a viral disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The COVID-19 infection has caused massive damage to people’s health, economy and social-political standing since it spread globally in 2020. With the increase in Covid cases in China, the US, Brazil and other parts of the world, we must amp up our guards and reduce the risk of exposure to Covid infection in all possible ways. Approval of nasal covid vaccine can help speed up the vaccination drive of precaution doses in India. 

By following proper safety measures and other standard COVID-19 protocols, we can fight the novel coronavirus disease. 

Disclaimer: The information included on this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional. Because of unique individual needs, the reader should consult their physician to determine the appropriateness of the information for the reader’s situation.

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Corbevax And Zycov-D: Everything You Need To Know About These Vaccines

Introduction

Covid-19 cases are currently under control, especially after the aggressive vaccination drives. Embracing the new normal, schools have finally reopened, with children thrilled at the idea of meeting their friends, physically sitting in the classrooms and enjoying some time away from home. To protect our kids while letting them enjoy their childhood, the government has approved some vaccines which are already being given to children.  

After initially approving only ZyCov-D, the government of India has approved another vaccine, the Corbevax, to boost the vaccination drive, in addition to Covaxin which was first approved for teens in India. The increasing number of approved vaccines from different manufacturers has led to a rapid immunisation of children against Covid-19. 

Confused about the two new vaccines for children. Read ahead to know everything about ZyCov-D and Corbevax and then make an informed decision. A full course of vaccination for every eligible child is very important so that our lil ones have a strong guard while going to school.

ZyCov-D

The ZyCov-D vaccine is the first vaccine against Covid-19 that has been specifically made and approved for kids. The vaccine is developed by Zydus Cadila, an Ahmedabad based company. The ZyCov-D vaccine has been approved for children over 12 years.

ZyCov-D is a needle-free vaccine, an applicator is used to penetrate the skin and insert the vaccine particle inside the bloodstream. With a 66.66% efficacy rate, the vaccine is based on DNA plasmid technology.

 ZyCoV-D was initially a three-dose vaccine, with each shot being administered four weeks apart but now it has received approval for 2 dose regimen.

As per the press release in April 2022, the vaccine has received approval for children over 12 years. The vaccine will now be administered 28 days apart. 

Corbevax

A 2 two-dose vaccine, the Corbevax has been developed by Hyderabad based Biological E. The vaccine was initially available only for children between 12 to 14, but now it has been approved for children between 5 to 15 years.

Corbevax is a receptor-binding domain vaccine. This simply means that the vaccine inserts a piece of the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and uses this to stimulate and prepare the body to fight off any future infection.

Corbevax is administered in a two-dose format, with the second dose due after 28 days.  

Comparison Table

FeaturesZyCoV-DCorbevax
OriginZydus Cadila(Ahmedabad)Dynavax, California; licensed to BioE(Hyderabad)
Nature of the VaccinePlasmid DNA-based vaccineRBD protein subunit vaccine
AdministrationNeedle-free with PharmaJetIntramuscular injection
RegimenAdministered in two doses: day 0 & day 28 (Was initially given in 3 doses)Administered in two doses: day 0 & day 28
Target Demographic after Emergency Use Authorization in India (EUA)Approved for children of age 12 years and aboveApproved for children in the 5-12 years age group.

With more vaccines getting government approvals, selection must be done based on the age, method of administration, availability and the regimen. ZyCov-D is perfect for kids who are scared of needles and Corbevax is administered to kids between 5-12.  

Vaccinate your kids and let them finally be carefree and safeguarded from Covid-19. After all, these vaccines have been proven effective in reducing the probability of serious illness due to Covid-19. Let’s prioritise immunising!

Disclaimer: The information included on this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional. Because of unique individual needs, the reader should consult their physician to determine the appropriateness of the information for the reader’s situation.

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Covid And Its Possible Impacts On Dental Health

Introduction

Oral health is a major part of your health and well-being. COVID-19 is mostly a respiratory disease. People who have had COVID have reported many symptoms after recovering from it that are not just limited to respiratory problems. These symptoms include fatigue, joint pain, memory or sleep problems, concentration trouble, pounding heart and most surprisingly- dental problems.

COVID 19 and oral health

The virus that causes COVID that is SARS-CoV-2 moves into the body with the help of a receptor called angiotensin-converting enzyme – 2 or ACE2. This receptor acts like a front gate that lets the virus into your cells. And your mouth, tongue and gums contain lots of cells with ACE2 receptors.

People with existing dental problems tend to have a lot more ACE2 receptors. Hence increasing the chances of getting COVID 19.

Research has found that 75 percent of people with severe oral problems were admitted to the hospital with COVID 19. Research also found that may be because people with dental problems also had other chronic medical conditions.

However, fever, cough and fatigue are the top symptoms. Dental pain or mouth problems do not come under the top 12 symptoms. But this also does not mean people will not have a tooth or gum-related symptoms during or post COVID.

Researchers also suggest that ignorance of oral hygiene can multiply the chances of bacteria in the mouth. Many people were hospitalised and bedridden due to severe Covid symptoms. Taking care of oral health became difficult at these times for the patients (due to weakness) as well as for caretakers (due to the risk of transmission of infection) which explains how along with COVID 19, you might also be at an increased risk of other dental infections.

Also Read: Why Does Mouthwash Burn? Decoding Oral Health Mysteries

Dental problems- During and post covid infection :

1. Dry Mouth – Also known as xerostomia happens when there is a lack of saliva to keep the mouth moist. As a result, it becomes difficult to break food particles down, wash down food particles and swallow food. This was reported as an early symptom of COVID 19 and also as one of the post-Covid symptoms. A study in The Lancet says that dry mouth may be a direct effect of the SARS CoV-2 virus that infects and affects the salivary glands. Oral problems may also be a side effect of COVID treatment.

2. Gingivitis – Also known as inflammation of the gums, some of the symptoms include red, swollen gums, bleeding gums while brushing, bad breath & unpleasant taste in the mouth. The report suggests that since one is unable to take care of one’s oral hygiene due to weakness and fatigue caused by Covid.

3. Oral Ulcers – COVID 19 highly affects the immune system of the body and makes a person prone to other diseases. Few people recovering from COVID 19 found oral ulcers such as a white patch on the gum and tongue, red bumps in the mouth, burning sensation and discomfort while eating and drinking. According to the National Health Service (NHS), oral ulcers go away on their own, however, if symptoms persist for more than 1 week, one should visit a dentist.

4. Staining of Teeth and Bad Breath – This is not directly caused due to COVID 19 but can be a result of poor oral hygiene maintenance.

 5. Jaw or Tooth Pain – can be experienced as a result of tooth grinding due to stress over COVID 19 but is not a direct symptom of COVID 19.

6. Cavities and Tooth Decay- Patients who experienced severe illness due to Covid and were bedridden for weeks and months could not take care of their oral hygiene well during that time. This has led to an increased complaint of dental cavities and tooth decay after months of recovering from a severe Covid. 

7. Fungal Infections of Mouth– Oral thrush and black fungus are opportunistic infections that may occur in a person with compromised immunity and poor oral hygiene. Although oral thrush or candidiasis can be managed well, the black fungus can be life-threatening and has taken away many lives during the second wave of Covid. It is not very common now, but one must be aware of these problems and follow good oral hygiene practices to minimise the risk.

How to keep your teeth healthy in the wake of COVID outbreak?

Fatigue may cause you to not care for your dental hygiene and hence lead to a painful cavity. Here are some tips and tricks to take care of your dental health:

1. Brush after all your meals and floss once a day to take care of your teeth.
2. Keep your toothbrush clean from all germs. Use a toothbrush cap. Change your toothbrush every 3 months. Discard the toothbrush you have used while you have had COVID 19.
3. You can switch to an electric toothbrush as well.
4. You may use a mouthwash. 
5. Avoid starchy foods and drinks as they can weaken your teeth. Avoid smoking and drinking as much as possible.
6. Hydrate well.
7. Avoid energy drinks as the high acidity in them damages tooth enamel.

A person with severe Covid must visit a dentist for a routine check-up after recovery. Your doctor may advise cleaning of teeth and early detection and treatment of any cavities can save your teeth from further damage.

More research is yet to be done on what are the direct symptoms of dental problems due to COVID, however, as a general practice, it is very important to be mindful of your oral hygiene during and after recovering from Covid or any other illness.

Disclaimer: The information included on this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional. Because of unique individual needs, the reader should consult their physician to determine the appropriateness of the information for the reader’s situation.

COVID-19 & Summer: Why Is Wearing A Mask Still Important?

The beginning of the year 2020 introduced us to a kind of life we had never dreamt of before and had only seen in sci-fi movies or read in books belonging to the genre of fantasy. We stayed mostly at home and also learnt to practise hand hygiene, respiratory etiquette, distancing and wearing a mask as a part of Covid appropriate behaviour. It has indeed become a necessity ever since offices and schools have opened up and trade has started picking up pace. 

 The temperature rising higher and higher every day increases the skin problems associated with summers, such as sweat, rashes, dull skin and dry patches of skin.

Why should we wear a mask as a precaution against COVID- 19?

The culture of wearing a mask was still prevalent even before the onset of the novel coronavirus pandemic among certain communities of people. In some places, it used to be worn as a symbol of style while in some other places it was worn due to being sick.

However, it is more widespread now- ever since the COVID-19 pandemic – than it was ever before. In some countries, wearing a mask is mandatory when out in public, while some other countries have relaxed the restriction a bit and have made wearing a mask mandatory only in crowded places.

Why is wearing a mask so important in this era of the pandemic? Read on to know more.

Helps keep away allergens like dust, pollens and other pollutants. 

Problems associated with wearing a mask in summer

Wearing a mask can be difficult for some people during summer. Below are some problems (although not very common) that people may face while wearing a mask during the months of summer.

Here is the solution!

Do not ditch the mask, consider the following ways to alleviate the discomfort of wearing a mask in summer-

Wear cotton masks or put a cotton mask beneath the outer mask while double masking.

Tips to wear a mask correctly

Below is a list of factors which must be considered to ensure that you are wearing your mask properly.

Other ways to practice COVID- 19 precautions

Other than wearing a mask, there are several other measures which can be adopted to prevent the transmission of COVID- the 19 viruses. They are:

Wearing a mask during the humid months of summer can be uncomfortable. But to ensure protection against the COVID- 19 virus we must follow this extremely important step. By wearing the mask correctly, you may reduce the associated discomfort. 

Disclaimer: The information included on this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional. Because of unique individual needs, the reader should consult their physician to determine the appropriateness of the information for the reader’s situation.

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Latest Development- Covid-19-Breathalyzer Test

Tired of the nasal and throat swab Covid-19 tests? If you are like most of us, you’ve definitely taken one of these tests and it is deeply unpleasant. Not to mention, once the swab is inserted, the nasal passage and the throat gets irritated and this tingling sensation lasts a while. Not to worry though, evolving technology has now made it possible to test for coronavirus via a breath test. Non-invasive and non-tingly, the breath test is now FDA (Food and Drug Association) approved for emergency use in selected health facilities in the US.

Curious to know more about this Covid-19 breathalyzer test? Read ahead to know more about the test, the usage, how to perform and the limitations. 

What is the Covid-19 breath test?

The Covid-19 breath test is a non-invasive test that checks for the presence of coronavirus in a patient by a simple breathalyzer. As more strains of the Covid-19 virus are developing, additional test methods are always welcome. Additionally, the breathalyzer test is quite useful to test patients who are allergic to the traditional nasal swab or can’t get it done due to other medical issues. 

The InspectIR Covid-19 Breathalyzer test requires the patient to breathe into a tube and results are obtained in as little as three minutes. This test is slated to become the way to test the presence of coronavirus in airports, restaurants and other public gatherings. 

How does the breathalyzer test work?

The InspectIR Breathalyzer uses a technique called GC-MS. This technology is called gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, which separates and identifies chemical mixtures. The machine uses this GC-MS technique to detect five volatile organic compounds that are associated with the Covid-19 infection in the exhaled breath.

The breathalyzer test is ideal in large gatherings because it is fast and easy. Once the InspectIR Breathalyzer detects the presence of the Covid organic compounds, it is considered to be an unconfirmed positive test which should be confirmed via a rapid antigen test or a PCR test.

How long does the test report take?

Results from the InspectIR Breathalyzer test are available in under 15 minutes. As compared to the traditional test methods, the results are obtained in no time. A PCR test gives results in two to three days (depending on the capacity of the lab), a rapid PCR test in one day and a rapid antigen test in 15 to 30 minutes.

What are the usages of the Breathalyzer test?

The InspectIR Breathalyzer is small and portable, the size of a briefcase, but it needs to be administered by a trained technician, rendering the tests not ideal for home use. This test is suitable for doctor’s offices, hospitals, restaurants and other large gatherings. 

Every unit is currently capable of testing about 160 samples a day and as technological advancements and R&D are currently underway, this number is expected to increase. 

Also, according to InspectIR, the breath test is more effective as a screening method as compared to a temperature test. The other methods are time-consuming and costly when performed daily.

The accuracy

As per initial reports and tests, the Breathalyzer test is 91% efficient in identifying positive coronavirus strains and 99% efficient with negative results. Also, the scope of presenting a false negative is as low as 4.2%.

The RT PCR tests are the best at detecting positive coronavirus and even detect the smallest traces of the virus and are still considered the most reliable test. 

Other players in the market

Currently, only the Breathalyzer by InspectIR has received FDA approval, but there are other companies around the world that are engaged in research on the same. Breathonix from Singapore, GeNose C19 from Indonesia and Owlstone Medical from the UK are all in the race to get approval.

Key takeaways

Constant development in technology and testing methods is making it possible for the world to track and tackle constant development in Covid-19 strains. As it seems like Covid-19 is here to stay, it is important to develop faster and more accurate testing methods that are non-invasive. With the breathalyzer test, InspectIR and other companies are looking to change the way we tackle and deal with the coronavirus that has taken the world by a storm. After all, change is the only constant.

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‘XE’ Variant Of Covid-19 And Here Is What We Need To Know

It has been more than two years since we have faced the challenge brought by COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. From 2020 till this day, we have faced and overcome some of the major hurdles with the help of the frontline healthcare workers and our determination to maintain precautions to stop the spread. The ability of this virus to mutate showed us some powerful variants like Omicron and Delta, which we have overcome in the 1st and 2nd waves.

How is XE different from Omicron?

 ‘XE’ is not a new covid variant, but is classified under Omicron itself, which caused the third wave of Covid-19 this winter. Omicron has sublineages like BA.1, BA. 2 and a few more. The new covid virus- XE is a recombinant of BA.1 and BA.2 sublineages of the Omicron variant

What is the difference between a recombinant and a variant?

A variant is a new mutated (changed) version of the previous virus. It is the natural tendency of viruses to change as they evolve. In the case of SARS CoV-2, we have come across a number of variants so far- alpha, beta, delta, Omicron and many others. A variant can come up with the change in its properties in terms of- disease severity, rate of spread and the effectiveness of existing vaccines and medications. 

 A recombinant virus is a combination of two previously existing strains. It can be produced naturally or by combining pieces of DNA using recombinant DNA technology in a lab.

In the case of the SARs-CoV-2 virus, the recombinant strain shares the genetic material of two strains, which in the case of circulating hybrid variants are the BA.1 and BA.2 subtypes of Omicron variant. Given that both the sub-lineages of the Omicron variant were highly transmissible and concerning, experts around the world are keeping a close eye on the emerging recombinants.

The XE recombinant, which is a combination of BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron sublineage, was first detected in the UK on January 19 and more than 600 sequences have been reported and confirmed so far, as per the UK Health Security Agency report. It contains the spike and structural proteins from BA.2 but comprises a fifth of the genome of BA.1.

While variants continue to evolve, the prognosis of COVID-19 largely depends on various factors, including the patient’s age, the severity of illness at presentation, pre-existing conditions, how quickly treatment can be implemented, and response to treatment.

Dr. M.G. Kartheeka, MBBS, MD

How transmissible is XE?

In an April 5 report, WHO also stated that as part of the Omicron variant, the XE recombinant was being tracked. According to preliminary estimates, XE has a community growth rate advantage of 1.1 (or a 10 percent transmission advantage) over BA.2. and not 10 times the previous strain. This, however, is yet to be fully confirmed.

The WHO states in the report, ”The SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to evolve. Given the current high level of transmission worldwide, it is likely that further variants, including recombinants, will continue to emerge. Recombination is common among coronaviruses and is regarded as an expected mutational event.”

COVID strain symptoms due to XE

Possible symptoms of Omicron XE:

What can we do to keep ourselves safe?

While it is important to maintain hygiene, several precautionary measures can be taken:

How effective are the existing vaccines against XE?

According to expert opinion, the existing COVID-19 vaccines are effective and everyone must get vaccinated. Precaution dose is now available for everyone above 18 years of age and one must take the booster as and when eligible. There is no reason to panic at this stage but it is important to follow Covid’s appropriate behaviour and reduce our risk of getting exposed to the virus. As advised by the health ministry of India, people who have taken both doses of their vaccination must wait for 9 months before taking the booster shot, which is being hailed as a preventive vaccine shot. Studies conducted in the lab and in the real world show that full vaccination plus a booster shot provide stronger protection against infection with Omicron and its sub-variants.

Thus, although most of our hardships seem over, we must continue maintaining precautions as much as we can to completely flatten the curve and eradicate the infections that are still prevalent in the country. With all our efforts together, we will be able to achieve this soon.

Disclaimer: The information included on this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional. Because of unique individual needs, the reader should consult their physician to determine the appropriateness of the information for the reader’s situation.

How To Spot Fake Remdesivir? 8 Signs To Watch Out for!

As COVID-19 spreads rapidly, more people are seeking treatments and more people are requesting certain injections or drugs. Remdesivir is one of such drugs that doctors are prescribing on a case-by-case basis to patients with severe illnesses.   While the production has almost doubled, there is still a shortage of this medicine in the market.   The demand for the drug has caused the market to flood with counterfeit products. Hetero Labs holds a 33% market share (13 lakh vials per month) in terms of production, the majority of fake Remdesivir released in the market imitate their packaging.  

Let’s know a little more about the much-talked-about medicine Remdesivir! Remdesivir was developed primarily to treat Hepatitis C but was also proven effective against Ebola in 2014. There has been using of the drug since then for the treatment of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The COVID-19 coronavirus belongs to this family of viruses that cause MERS and SARS. Remdesivir is an antiviral medicine meant for curing infected cells and preventing viral replication.

Why Remdesivir is Being Counterfeited and How to Spot A Fake Remdesivir?

The number of COVID-19 cases in India is on an alarming rise under the second wave of the novel coronavirus. It is unfortunate in this circumstance that a lifesaving drug-like Remdesivir is getting counterfeited when the country is facing one of the worst crises in history. The two main factors behind the emergence of Remdesivir counterfeits are black marketing and hoarding.

The second wave of Covid-19 has seen the gravity of the infection increase at a disturbing rate. In such circumstances, Remdesivir is a life-saver drug that can increase the survival rates of the infected. However, the demand for the medicine is much higher than its supply. Such is the demand for the drug that it is being black marketed at triple the price – normally priced between Rs 899 and Rs 5400 for a vial, Remdesivir is currently being sold illegally at higher rates of over Rs 20,000.

Hoarding also creates a supply-demand gap. Two sections of people have been making efforts to get hold of the vials of Remdesivir. One section is people who are urgently and genuinely in need of the medicine for the Covid-19 treatment of their loved ones who are in the hospital. The other section is the people who don’t have COVID-19 symptoms and are hoarding the medicine as they are in fear of it running out in case they need it.

Though COVID-19 vaccine distribution has started, the demand for Remdesivir will keep rising, as the current infection rates supersede the vaccination rates. So, it is essential to ensure that you are in receipt of the real medicine. The fake and real Remdesivir might look similar, but you will find more differences upon closer inspection. Thus, you need to know about the points of difference between the packaging of the real and fake vials. 

There are eight significant differences that you should watch out for and they are discussed here:

  1. Mention of The Symbol Rx on the Packaging: The symbol Rx comes from the Latin word “Recipere”. It is the symbolic representation of a medical prescription. Rx drugs cannot be sold over-the-counter. Due to this reason, the packaging of fake Remdesivir will not have the term Rx printed on it.
  2. Missing Manufacturer Logo: As of May 2021, the only producers of the medicine in India include Hetero Labs, Cipla, Zydus Cadila, Mylan Labs, Dr Reddy’s Labs, Syngene International and Jubilant Ingrevia (part of Jubilant Life Sciences). All original products will have a credible logo, along with the name of the producer.
  3. Incorrect Name on the Packaging: The original Hetero Labs Remdesivir has the name “COVIFOR”. Fake Remdesivir gets distributed under the name “COVIPRI”, a pseudo name that has been fashioned after the original. 
  4. Mention of â„¢ on the Vials: Real vials of Remdesivir have the â„¢ symbol, which stands for ‘Trademark’. It exclusively identifies the drug as belonging to a particular company and identifies the company’s ownership of the brand. Any original packaging of the medicine will have the term â„¢ on it.
  5. Warning Label and Declaration: Remdesivir from Gilead Sciences Inc. became the first drug to get the US Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) formal clearance for treating Coronavirus back in October 2020. The warning label on the packaging by Hetero has the declaration “COVIFOR is manufactured under the license from Gilead Sciences, Inc”. The original warning label is in red, which is the brand colour for Hetero. In the fake one, there is no such warning and the label has a black colour.
  6. Several Errors in Capitalisation: The fake packaging of Remdesivir comes with many errors in capitalisation. Here’s outlining the most prominent three of them:
  1. Alignment Errors in the Brand Name: You will also find an alignment error in the brand name of the fake Remdesivir. The fake injection has more gaps in the brand name than the actual one.
  2. Telangana Has A Wrong Spelling: There is another major spelling error in the full address on the package of the counterfeit Remdesivir injection. The state Telangana is written as ‘Telagana’.

These eight signs should sufficiently alert you about whether you have the original product or not. 

Wrapping Up

As mentioned earlier, until the covid-19 vaccine gets completely distributed, the demand for drugs like Remdesivir will keep increasing. The government has taken some measures to stop the widespread sale of the drug on the black market. For instance, the Remdesivir supply protocol has changed in states like Tamil Nadu, where the hospitals need to source such necessary drugs and not the patients. In case of an emergency, remember the points mentioned above and do not buy drugs from unverified medical suppliers. We are living in an unforeseen situation, so you need to take more care of yourself and beware of such drugs.

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Is It Safe To Take COVID Vaccine During Menstruation?

The fourth and the biggest phase of the COVID-19 vaccination drive commenced on May 1, 2021. Registrations have finally opened up for all the population above the age of eighteen. We are going through a time when our nation is struggling with the worst crisis since the beginning of the pandemic. In this situation, getting vaccinated is the need of the hour for us. 

However, several myths are doing the rounds, clouding people’s judgement about taking the vaccine. And one such misinformation surfacing on social media and WhatsApp forwards is that women should not get vaccinated during menstruation. We urge you to not rely on unverified sources for such content and verify the facts from a doctor.

COVID-19 Vaccine and Menstrual Cycle

As they say, it is important that you take anything you find on social media with a pinch of salt. The vaccine does not affect your period. In fact, the COVID-19 vaccines are one of our best preventive tools to fight the deadly virus and tide over this second wave of the pandemic.

To start with, there is no actual data or evidence to connect COVID-19 vaccines to your menstrual cycle. Millions of women worldwide have already taken the vaccine and no worrying claims were recorded anywhere. It is a vaccine that you need to take as soon as you can. Presently, the vaccine is safe for all women above the age of eighteen.

We also need to understand that the menstrual cycle is a natural bodily process that does not decrease or limit the immune response of your body. Menstruation comes with hormonal changes that might minimally impact the way you react to side effects or an illness. However, it absolutely does not decrease your immunity.

Hormones like progesterone and estrogen fluctuate before a woman is on her period. It might lead to PMS (premenstrual syndrome) but does not impact your immunity. You can and should schedule vaccination at your convenience and not avoid taking it because you are on your period. 

Vaccines do not affect your menstrual cycle. However, we are going through a time when stress, mental strain and anxiety are at their peak. Stress might cause some variations in your period pattern, such as making them mildly heavy, slightly irregular or maybe even missing them for a month. Even if you do not get your period, it will not affect the efficacy of the vaccine. There is absolutely no correlation between menstruation and vaccination.

Also, having a slightly irregular or delayed period for a month is not a cause for worry. You should consult a doctor only if your periods are irregular every month.

Did you know?

  • 35% of women experienced changes in their premenstrual symptoms during COVID-19.Source: ncbi
  • 25% of women experienced more painful periods during the COVID-19 crisis. Source: ncbi
  • 30% of women reported changes in their menstrual cycle during COVID-19. Source: ncbi

Do Women Tend To Experience More Side Effects?

Vaccines work on our bodies by injecting an inactive or modified pathogen to start an immune response. Your menstrual cycle or any other bodily processes cannot impact this reaction. So it is as safe for women to get vaccinated as it is for men. The occurrence of side effects from the COVID-19 vaccine is heterogeneous. We do not have enough evidence to link the side effects to a particular gender or age.

So, what about those reports that say women have noticed slight changes in their menstrual cycle after getting vaccinated? Well, to answer this, we have to reiterate a previously mentioned point. If you notice any irregularity in your menstrual cycle, it is due to the stress and anxiety stemming from the pandemic. There is no reason to blame the COVID-19 vaccine for it.

You must discuss any changes in your menstrual cycle with your healthcare provider so that the best way to manage the condition is figured out and this may actually hint at an underlying health issue and not necessarily due to covid vaccination.

Precautions to Take Before Getting Vaccinated

If you are getting vaccinated during your period and you want to avoid complications, keeping a few things in mind is necessary. 

One of the crucial facts to remember is that dehydration can cause cramps during periods. With the progesterone and estrogen levels dropping, the body starts to retain more water. Thus, it needs more water to maintain balance and have the bodily processes going smoothly. Also, you should stay two times more hydrated if you are getting vaccinated around or during your periods.

Here are a few more precautions to keep in mind before, during and after vaccination:

At The Vaccination Centre:

When you are waiting in line outside the vaccination centre and after you are inside, you should:

During Vaccination:

You should keep the mask on at the time of the appointment and keep your face away from the face of the person administering the vaccine. It will help keep both you and the vaccinator safe. It is entirely okay to feel anxious or nervous. But remember, it is only a tiny prick and it is going to protect you against deadly coronavirus. If it helps, take slow breaths and turn your face away from the needle.

After Vaccination:

Some minor side effects are expected after you get vaccinated. The side effects are signs that your body is developing immune protection. A few of the common side effects associated with COVID-19 vaccines are:

As you can see, we did not mention anything related to menstruation on the side effects. 

Also Read: Can Sex Delay Your Periods: Evaluating Common Misconceptions and Realities

What Can women do to stay healthy?

Combating covid or vaccine stress will ensure your periods are normal. You must continue to follow a healthy lifestyle in order to keep stress and anxiety at bay for overall good health.

1. Exercise

Exercising regularly provides several benefits for your body. It can help manage your blood sugar levels, weight and well-being. While the pandemic has forced us to adopt a sedentary lifestyle, exercising can actually help lessen the effects of stress on the body. 

2. Get Proper Sleep 

Good sleep is recommended for everyone to overcome stress. Getting seven to eight hours of sleep a night is important. Sleep disturbances and inadequate rest can affect your hormones and subsequently, your menstrual cycle.

3. Watch Your Diet and Stay Hydrated

A balanced diet is one that contains adequate levels of carbohydrates, proteins, low-fat, low-sugar, and iron-rich foods. When you eat too much or don’t eat enough, it can affect your menstrual cycle. You must drink enough water for a healthy body. 

4. Avoid Things that Causes Stress

There can be a lot of factors in our environment which trigger stress. It affects our diet, sleep schedule, and medication. Try to set a healthy routine for yourself, indulge in social interactions virtually because not meeting your loved ones can be a major cause of stress.

In A Nutshell

By now, it is clear that the COVID-19 vaccine does not affect menstrual cycles. So, we urge all our eligible readers to get vaccinated as soon as possible, regardless of whether they are menstruating. If your menstrual cycle is getting affected due to anxiety related to COVID and the stress of working from home, get in touch with a doctor without further delay. And finally, we should refrain as much from believing in rumours as from spreading unverified information.

Get a jab as well as a health checkup!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Should I reschedule my COVID-19 vaccination appointment if I am menstruating?

As the oestrogen levels fall during menstruation you may feel weak. This may especially happen if you experience heavy and painful periods. In this case you may consider rescheduling your COVID-19 vaccination appointment because the vaccine may cause lethargy and fever in some people. However, taking the vaccine is important and you must not neglect it.

2. Which covid vaccine should I take during menstruation?

You may opt for any COVID-19 vaccine that’s available for you. None of the covid vaccines have any guidelines related to menstruation and all the vaccines are more or less effective.

3. What are the possible side effects of COVID-19 vaccine?

A COVID-19 vaccine can cause mild side effects after the first or second dose, including:
> Pain, redness or swelling at the injected site
> Fever
> Fatigue
> Headache
> Muscle pain
> Chills
> Joint pain
> Nausea and vomiting
> Feeling unwell
> Swollen lymph nodes
You’ll be monitored for 15 minutes after getting a COVID-19 vaccine to see if you have an allergic reaction. Most of these side effects will go away in a few days, if not, you must consult the doctor.

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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Mixing Covishield And Covaxin – Does It Work Better?

UPDATE: As of the beginning of 2022, an additional study was carried out by AIG Hospitals in Hyderabad that confirmed the information below. A mix of Covaxin and Covishield vaccines was shown to leave the body with more virus-fighting antibodies than simply getting two doses of the same vaccine. The test was conducted by using Covaxin first and Covishield second as well as the converse of the same. In both cases, this mixed vaccine regime showed a much higher antibody response (up to 4 times more) than two doses of the same vaccine. Also, one of the hopeful results from this study states that mixing these vaccines is safe for humans. Read on to learn more:

Introduction

Earlier, Covaxin was said to be better at protecting the new Delta variant of the SARS CoV2 virus. These claims were made by Bharat Biotech for their inactivated virus type vaccine but there wasn’t enough review available on these claims.

Although it may come across as a bit unorthodox, there have been ideas floating around for a while now regarding mixing vaccines for better potency. At the forefront of this idea were the first two vaccines being given out on a massive scale in India, Covaxin and Covishield. The latest results from ICMR shows that mixing these two does in fact produce better results.

The immune response to COVID-19 vaccines may wane over time. Booster shots are a safe and effective way to extend protection against variants of concern.

Dr. Ashish Bajaj – M.B.B.S, M.D.

How Does Covishield And Covaxin Work By Themselves

Fundamentally, Covishield and Covaxin work in different ways. Covaxin works by using an inactivated form of the whole SARS CoV2 virus, which has no potential to affect or infect the body. This kind of Whole-Virion Inactivated vaccine has been used for decades. In fact, this is one of the first forms of large scale vaccines since modern vaccines were developed.

Covishiled uses only a small part of the virus, a spike protein that can be found on the virus surface. This spike protein is used by the virus to enter into human cells, it is also one of the prime ways our immune system can identify the intruder. By replicating just the spike protein and injecting it into the blood, the body can recognise the virus and destroy it. All this, without any risk of contracting the disease since there is no actual virus present.

Both Covaxin and Covishield are excellent vaccines, considering the ridiculously short development times. And both also require two shots for the best results. But it has been thought for some time now that mixing the vaccines, i.e., one shot each of Covishield and Covaxin (or vice versa), may in fact show better results than just one vaccine on its own. 

Spike-protein neutralizing antibodies are the ones which kill and neutralize the virus after vaccine administration. It was found that after mixing covaxin and covishield there was 4 times more response elicited by body as compared to 2 doses of same vaccine in a hospital based study at AIG hospitals.

Dr. M.G. Kartheeka, MBBS, MD

What Were The Results Of The Test?

Conducted in Uttar Pradesh, the test was a result of happenstance when 18 individuals received a mix of dosages instead of getting one vaccine twice. Initially, there was a lot of worry in the public regarding the adverse effects of mixing vaccine types. 

As per the ICMR, these 18 individuals were tested against 80 individuals who received the conventional, two doses of 1 vaccine type (40 each of Covishield and Covaxin). Not only were all three of these groups found to be better protected and show greater immunogenicity in general but the group with mixed vaccines showed even better results than the other two groups. 

Effectiveness against the Alpha, Beta and Delta variants was strong and their antibody response was also superior to those who received only one vaccine type. 

Mixing vaccines may enhance the immune response, and it increases flexibility for when people need a booster dose but doses of the vaccine they first received are not available, the same is authorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Dr. Ashish Bajaj – M.B.B.S, M.D.

But Is Mixing Covishield and Covaxin Safe?

The safety of mixing vaccines was also looked into by this test, to review its viability for use in the general public. The good news is that no adverse effects were noticed in the short or long term. Pain at the injection site (the upper arm in most cases) was detected, however, this issue is common in other vaccines as well. 

The findings from this study are extremely important in light of the Delta and other variants, since combining Covishield and Covaxin has a better response against them. But not only does a mixed vaccination elicit a better immune response, but it is also a new pathway for vaccinating more people. 

With over a billion people requiring vaccination in the country, the ability to mix and match with Covishield and Covaxin may open up better coverage for vaccinating the country. To move forward and make this a serious option, a broader study across multiple centres will be required. Till then, we can all breathe a sigh of relief at the good news and hope for the best. 

Disclaimer: The information provided here is for educational/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.

Links and product recommendations in the information provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes.

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