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What are Piles?
Piles (haemorrhoids) are swollen veins that may occur either inside or outside the anal opening. Piles occur in the lowermost part of the anus and can cause a considerable amount of pain and discomfort. When the blood vessels of the anal region get enlarged, it leads to stretching of the skin and pain. Piles that can be felt bulging out near the anal opening are termed external haemorrhoids. On the other hand, piles that occur on the inner part of the anus cannot be felt and are termed internal haemorrhoids.
Piles can affect people of any age, regardless of their gender. However, haemorrhoids generally do not affect children. This condition can cause a lot of stress and difficulty in your life, but the good news is it can be treated very effectively with a simple piles surgery.
Types of Piles
External Piles
External piles are lumps on the outer region of the anal area. External piles can be felt by the patient or visible to the patient or a doctor. You may also feel these as water-filled swellings around the anal opening. External piles start off near the external surface of the anus and can extend below a few centimeters inside the back passage. With external piles, you may experience symptoms like anal itching, one or more hard and tender lumps near your anus and pain near the anal area, especially when sitting.
Too much straining while passing bowel movements, rubbing the affected area or cleaning too much of your anus with agents that are not gentle on the skin may aggravate your symptoms and make them worse. For many people, the symptoms of external piles may go away within a few days with proper care. However, diagnosis and treatment by a doctor are very important for piles.
Internal Piles
As the name suggests, piles that occur internally and cannot be seen are internal piles. They are more like protrusions inside your anus, on the walls of your anal canal. Sometimes, less serious cases of internal piles are tiny lumps inside the anal area.
Internal piles can also form in the upper part of the anal canal or in the lower rectum area. Internal piles are usually not painful unless they are prolapsed in nature. If you are suffering from internal piles, you may experience bleeding from your rectum in the form of bright red blood on your stools, on the toilet paper or on the toilet sheet after passing stools.
Causes
Constipation
Strained bowel movements due to constipation may put pressure on the blood vessels in the region of the anus and cause piles.
A low fiber diet
A diet low in fiber causes strain on the movement of bowels due to harder and smaller stools.
Prolonged Diarrhea
Passage of loose stool for a prolonged period causes strain on the anus, which may cause haemorrhoids.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy causes an enlarged uterus that may put pressure on the colon, which is connected to the anus. Pressure on the anus can lead to internal piles.
Heavy weight lifting
Heavy weight lifting or excessive strain during exercise can also be a cause of piles.
Symptoms
Anal itching
Haemorrhoids can cause excessive itching around the anus, especially if they occur externally.
Swelling
Swelling (small balloon-like swelling/ swellings that can be felt in the anal region) is an indicator of haemorrhoids, and it causes the anus to feel very tender.
Anal pain
External Piles cause pain in the anal region and make it very difficult for a person to pass stool or even sit.
Bleeding
Blood being passed along with stools can be an indicator of internal piles.
Lumps near the anus
Lumps on the anal surface that may seem hard or tender are major piles symptoms.
Slimy anal discharge
A slimy discharge from the anus may stain your underwear or even be passed along with stool.
Sore skin on the anus
Sore skin on the surface of the anus or skin sticking out after bowel movement is generally a symptom of haemorrhoids.
Prevention
Eating a healthful diet
Staying hydrated and eating a diet rich in high-fiber foods can help keep stools soft and make their passing easier.
Avoiding straining when passing stools
Straining when passing stools can increase the risk of developing piles.
Avoiding heavy lifting
Regular heavy lifting is a risk factor for piles. Limiting heavy exertion and practicing proper lifting techniques can help a person prevent the development of piles.
Maintaining a moderate weight
Being overweight raises the risk of having piles
Staying active
Exercise can help food passage through the digestive system and make stools more regular. This can reduce the risk of piles.
Surgical treatment options
Laser piles surgery
Laser surgery is the least intrusive piles surgery. The surgery targets the affected areas with a precise laser beam. The laser beam seals the blood supply to the swollen blood vessels to prevent further swelling. This treatment procedure has a very high success rate, is relatively painless, causes minimal bleeding and the recovery time is minimal.
Haemorrhoidectomy
This process involves the surgical removal of haemorrhoids from the internal or external part of the anus. A precise incision is made to remove the piles, and you will also require medication before and after the procedure.
Haemorrhoidal artery ligation
This process treats piles by cutting off blood supply to the haemorrhoids. The procedure involves locating the haemorrhoids with a probe and stitching the blood supply channel. There is hardly any risk involved with this procedure.
Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy
Tissues around the piles are stapled in this procedure. This decreases the supply of blood to the piles and reduces their size. There is minimal postoperative pain which subsides within a week. This procedure also reduces the risk of incontinence and the piles from prolapsing.
** All content is written and reviewed by medical experts
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Frequently asked questions
Will there be bleeding during laser piles surgery?
There is minimal bleeding in the laser piles surgery procedure.
What are the chances of recurrence of piles after surgery?
The chances of recurrence of piles after laser surgery is minimal. However, there is a slight chance of recurrence observed in about 5-10% of patients. You can avoid recurrence by leading a healthy lifestyle as recommended by the doctors treating your piles.
Which procedure ensures minimal chances of the recurrence of piles?
Laser piles surgery is considered the most successful treatment method in Mumbai and it minimises the chances of recurrence of the ailment.
Is surgery the only procedure for piles treatment?
Surgery is the best procedure for piles treatment. However, your doctor can also recommend non-surgical procedures like sclerotherapy, banding and coagulation depending on your condition. A doctor may also prescribe you medication to treat the ailment.
What food should I consume when affected by piles?
If you are suffering from piles you should consume a high fibre diet containing food like whole grains, broccoli, and lentils. You can also consume fruits like apples, melons and cucumbers. Improve hydration, avoid oily and spicy food.
How long does the laser piles surgery take to be completed?
The laser procedure takes approximately 30 minutes to be completed. PharmEasy handles pick-up and drop-off from your home when you book the laser piles surgery.
Can a poor diet cause piles?
Yes. If your diet consists of fried, processed, fast food and extremely spicy food that causes difficulty in bowel movements. It can put stress on your anal region, and you may develop piles. Having a low water intake may also be a cause. Diet with less fibre content can lead to chronic constipation, that is a major cause of piles.
Will there be pain after the surgery?
Piles treatment with laser piles surgery is a very comfortable procedure with minimal postoperative pain. Your doctor will prescribe medicines to manage the pain and discomfort.
Will there be a loss of continence?
Laser surgery for piles does not involve any incisions or stitches and is very less invasive. Thus, there is almost no risk of loss of continence.
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What are grades of Piles?
Dos:
- If you have piles, a fiber-rich or high roughage diet should be consumed. A diet that is rich in fiber duly aids in softening the stool and lessens the chances of constipation. Without constipation problems, you will have less discomfort with piles caused by hard stools.
- Increase your fluid intake. Drinking plenty of fluids and water may help in keeping your body hydrated and make stool passing easier.
- Being overweight can heavily contribute to piles. If you are overweight as compared to your height, try shredding off some kilos to lessen the chances of piles occurrence.
- Warm baths and sitz baths may help lessen piles of symptoms like itching and pain.
- Indulge in physical activities as this may help in keeping the intestines clear and make bowel passing smoother.
Don'ts:
- Avoid sitting on the toilet seat for a very long time, as this puts a strain on the anal canal.
- Lifting extremely heavy objects should be avoided.
- Do not sit in the same posture for too long. If you have a job that involves sitting on a chair while working for long hours, make sure that you get up periodically and take a walk now and then.
- Avoid factors that may lead to constipation - Passing hard stool requires a lot of pressure. If you are suffering from constipation, make sure you get diet modifications and medications for the same and avoid putting on strain while passing stool.
- Laxatives and enemas, no matter how much they help if you have constipation, should be avoided to be consumed regularly.
- Do not self-medicate and self-diagnose.
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