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What is Lasik?
LASIK is a term that means laser in-situ keratomileusis. It is a type of eye surgery that is used to correct defective vision in people. LASIK surgery is a laser refractive surgery that uses a special kind of laser to change the shape in front of the cornea (outer layer of the eye that helps light refract to the lenses).
For people with normal eyesight, the cornea refracts (bends) the light entering the eyes onto the retina at the back portion of the eyes. However, defects in the cornea lead to incorrect refraction resulting in improper vision (short-sightedness or farsightedness).
People with improper vision have to use glasses or contact lenses to view things normally. A LASIK surgery can help such people completely get rid of visual aids, and get their visual defect corrected permanently. The surgery is recommended for people with moderate levels of visual impairment.
Types of Lasik
Nearsightedness (myopia)
In this particular condition a person is able to see nearby objects clearly, but distant objects appear unclear and blurry. When your eyeball is slightly longer than normal or the cornea of your eye curves too sharply, light rays tend to focus in front of the retina and create a blurry distant vision. You can see objects that are close more clearly, but it prevents clear vision of the objects that are far away.
Farsightedness (hyperopia)
This condition is the opposite of nearsightedness or myopia. You can see far objects clearly, but nearby objects are blurry. When you have a shorter than normal eyeball or if you have a cornea that is too flat, light does not focus on the retina instead, focuses behind the retina. This blurs near vision and may sometimes cause difficulty in distant vision.
Astigmatism
This condition results in an overall blurry vision. It is a very common eye condition that occurs when the cornea curves or flattens unevenly. Astigmatism disrupts both focus of near and distant vision.
Causes
Far-sightedness
Hyperopia is a condition that is commonly known as farsightedness. This is the inability of the eyes to focus on objects that are nearby ie at a reading distance and objects that are away can be seen clearly. This disorder can cause difficulty while reading, headaches, and doing precise work.
Near-sightedness
Myopia is a condition that is commonly called nearsightedness. This is a problem where the eyes can clearly see objects nearby but cannot focus on objects that are away. This may appear as difficulty in identifying faces of people away from you, reading captions and boards that are at a distance, and difficulty in driving.
Astigmatism
Astigmatism is a disorder where the cornea of the eyes is shaped irregularly resulting in blurred vision.
Symptoms
Difficulty in viewing objects
The most prominent indicator of a problem in vision is the difficulty to focus on objects either far or near. Eye disorders impact the ability to focus on objects greatly.
Red eyes
Eye disorders can irritate vision and lead to excessive stress on the eyes. This can cause redness of the eyes.
Night blindness
Weaker eyesight can cause the inability to see properly in the dark since the light is not refracted properly in the eyes.
Headaches
Headaches, when there is even a little strain on the eyes, are an indicator of an underlying eye disorder.
Sensitivity to light
Sensitivity to light is a major indicator of eye disease.
Dry eyes
If the eyes do not function properly or they need to stress more to see clearly, it can lead to dry eyes, indicating an eye disorder.
Excessive tearing
A problem in vision can also lead to excessive tearing up of the eyes.
Blurred Vision
A disorder in the eye is the most probable cause of blurred vision.
Prevention
Maintaining distance from TV screens while watching
Abstaining from “eye-on-phone-screen” syndrome
Reducing hours spent before digital screens (computers, laptops) or taking some time away instead of long, continuous stints
Ensuring proper sleep
Frequent washing of the eyes
Drying the eyes with a clean cloth
What is LASIK surgery?
Symptoms Of Eye Disorder
- Difficulty in viewing objects
- Red eyes
- Night blindness
- Headaches
- Sensitivity to light
- Dry eyes
- Excessive tearing
- Blurred vision
Diagnosis of Refractive Disorder
An eye specialist (opthalmologist) diagnoses refractive disorders in your eyes with the help of certain diagnostic tests. These tests may include:
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Visual acuity test - You are made to read a vision chart. The doctor then tries on different lenses to determine where your vision needs correction.
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Retinoscopy - This test helps determine the refractive errors in the eye. It is mandatory before a LASIK procedure.
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Corneal topography - This is a computer test that analyses any disorders in the eye.
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Tonometry - This diagnostic test checks for eye pressure.
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The ophthalmologist may also perform tests to check for dryness in the eyes.
Refractive Correction treatment
Here are the types of refractive correction surgeries that the doctor might suggest to you:
LASIK
- Blade - For the blade LASIK surgery , a surgeon uses a fine blade to open the flap of the cornea.
- Bladeless - The bladeless LASIK surgery is done using a laser to cut open the flap of the cornea. This surgery is known as the FEMTO LASIK and is a painless surgery.
Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) - This surgery also uses a laser to reshape the cornea however, the method of surgery differed a bit from LASIK . During this surgery, the outer cells of the cornea are removed while keeping your eyes still by making you focus on a target light.
Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) - A minute incision is made on the surface of the cornea and it is reshaped using a laser. The incision heals on its own in a few days.
** All content is written and reviewed by medical experts
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Frequently asked questions
Is the outcome of LASIK eye surgery permanent?
Yes, the outcome of the surgery is permanent as the vision defects in your eyes are corrected by reshaping the cornea.
Is the LASIK procedure painful?
No, LASIK Surgery is painless. Book your LASIK surgery through PharmEasy to get your eye disorder cured in under 30 minutes.
Can long hours of phone and computer usage damage the eyes?
Yes, long hours of exposure to phone and computer screens exposes your eyes to harmful blue light which causes strain and damage.
What happens if eye disorders are left untreated?
If eye disorders are left untreated then there is a chance of severe damage to the eyes resulting in permanent loss of vision.
What is the chance of recurrence of eye disorders after a FEMTO LASIK surgery?
There is a minimal chance of the recurrence of eye disorders after a FEMTO LASIK Surgery. This is only if the power of your eyes changes after the surgery, which is rare.
When can I get back to work after LASIK surgery?
You can get back to work within 2-3 days after a LASIK surgery.
Is LASIK surgery safe?
All surgeries carry an element of risk with them. LASIK is considered one of the safest surgeries and post-surgical complication rate is stated to be as low as 1%.
How long will I continue to have blurry vision after LASIK surgery?
Your vision is likely to be a bit blurry or hazy immediately afterwards your LASIK procedure. Drops administered after the surgery will help clear it somewhat and you will usually have clear vision in about a few weeks.
How many days of rest do I need after my LASIK surgery?
The immediate recovery period after a LASIK procedure is about 6 – 12 hours depending on individual conditions. Usually, you are permitted to resume normal activities in about 48 hours after your surgery with a few restrictions in place. Your doctor will advise you based on your condition.
Is it ok to cry after LASIK?
It is perfectly all right to cry after LASIK, whether emotionally or simply because your eyes are watery. Natural tears do no harm to the corneal flaps nor interfere with the healing process. Crying, in fact, will keep your eyes lubricated.
Can LASIK be done twice?
If deemed necessary, your doctor may advise a second LASIK procedure. The second procedure is generally done well past the recovery from the first surgery. As LASIK involves the removal of corneal tissue, if your cornea is a too thin repeat of the procedure may not be advised.
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