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Cataract (मोतियाबिंद): Causes, Symptoms, Treatments and Prevention

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What is a Cataract?

A cataract is an eye disorder that affects the vision of a person suffering from it. Cataracts are formations of a dense and cloudy layer in the lens of the eyes. This layer obstructs the passage of light through the lens, resulting in unclear and blurred vision in the person affected by it.

The formation of cataracts happens when proteins in the eye accumulate at the lenses, preventing them from sending clear images to the retina (part of the eye that processes the things we see). The retina is responsible for sending signals to the brain through optic nerves to process vision as a response.

Cataracts develop slowly and generally affect people who are elderly. It is very important to treat cataract as it causes considerable visual impairment and can even lead to total blindness if left untreated. Do not worry, as cataract treatment is very easy with the most advanced cataract surgery treatment options. Treatment of cataracts with surgery can successfully return vision to a person.

Types of Cataract

Nuclear cataracts

Nuclear.jpg

This type of cataract forms in the center of the lens. It may at first result in more nearsightedness or cause a temporary improvement in your reading vision. But with time, the lens gradually hardens, becomes more densely yellow or brown and further clouds your vision. Advanced stages of eye lens yellowing or browning can make it difficult for you to identify the different shades of colour and require immediate medical attention.

Cortical cataracts

Cortical.jpg

This type of cataract usually affects the edges of the lens. Initially, you may notice whitish, wedge-shaped opacities or streaks on the outer edge of the lens cortex. As it slowly progresses, the streaks begin to extend to the center and interfere with the light passing through the center of the lens.

Posterior subcapsular cataracts

Posterior.jpg

This type of cataract tends to progress faster than the other two types. It starts as a small, opaque area near the back of the lens, right in the path of light. The cataract often interferes with your reading vision, on exposure to bright light it reduces your vision and causes glare or halos around lights at night. Radiation cataracts may develop if a person undergoes radiation treatment for cancer and are often in the form of a posterior subcapsular cataract.

Causes

Aging

Oxidisation around the eyes caused by oxidative stress results in the formation of cataracts on the lenses of the eyes.

Exposure to ultraviolet rays

Ultra-violet rays can cause damage to the eyes and lead to the formation of cataracts on them.

Long-term use of steroids

Steroids can have a long-term effect on the eyes and using them for prolonged periods may cause the formation of cataracts.

Trauma

Trauma to the eyes like the insertion of objects or blunt force can damage the lens and cause cataracts.

Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy for diseases like cancer may lead to the formation of cataracts.

Diabetes

People with uncontrolled diabetes are at a higher risk of developing cataracts.

Symptoms

Blurry Vision

Cataracts blur your vision- that may appear like looking through a foggy glass.

Night blindness

The inability of the lens to let light pass through to the retina (due to cataracts) makes it very difficult to see properly at night.

Seeing faded colours

The development of cataracts can also be indicated if you are viewing colours around you in a faded manner.

Halos around lights

Viewing halos around lights and looking at lights in a blurry manner is a major indicator of cataracts.

Double vision

An advanced stage of cataracts can also be indicated by a blurry vision that leads to viewing a single object as two(double vision).

Frequent change of glasses (for people with glasses)

If you wear glasses and are required to change the glasses frequently due to changing powers, then it is likely to be caused by a cataract.

Sensitivity to glare

Sensitivity to glare indicates loss of visual acuity to light, a major indicator of the development of cataracts.

Prevention

Regular eye examinations help early detection.

Quit smoking.

Control over health problems.

A diet of plenty of fruits and vegetables.

A diet rich in vitamins and minerals and foods with antioxidant properties.

Wear sunglasses.

Moderate intake of alcohol.

treatment-option

What is a Cataract (कैटरेक्ट/मोतियाबिंद )?

Symptoms Of Cataract

  • Blurry Vision
  • Night blindness
  • Seeing faded colours
  • Halos around lights
  • Double vision
  • Frequent change of glasses (for people with glasses)
  • Sensitivity to glare

Cataract Diagnosis

To get treatment for cataracts you will need to visit an eye specialist (opthalmologist). The doctor might perform certain diagnostic tests to determine the severity of cataracts and the damage caused by them. These diagnostic tests may include:

  • Visual acuity test: The test checks the power of your eyes and the clarity with which you view objects.
  • Retinal exam: This test images the backside of the retina to check for the signs of cataracts.
  • Slit-lamp test: The slit lamp inspects the functioning of all parts of the eye
  • Tonometry test: This test determines the pressure inside the eyes.

Cataract Treatment

The doctor can suggest the following surgeries for the treatment of cataracts:

  • Phacoemulsification -This is one of the most modern methods of cataract surgery. A small incision is done at the edge of the cornea of the eyes. A tiny device is inserted through it that emits high-frequency ultrasound vibration to dissolve the cataract formation. The dissolved parts are suctioned out of the eyes. The procedure is very quick and does not cause any pain to the eyes.

  • Micro incision cataract surgery (MICS) -This surgery requires a very high level of precision since an incision of 1.8 mm is done to reduce the invasion of the eyes. The cataract is removed surgically through the incision and minimises recovery time due to the minute nature of the incision.

  • Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) -This surgery uses advanced laser-assisted technology to remove cataracts from the eyes. An optical imaging system is used to perform corneal incisions and fragments cataracts on the lenses.

** All content is written and reviewed by medical experts
Written By
Dr Tejashri Deole
Bachelor in Homoeopathic medicine and surgery( BHMS
Reviewed By
Dr. Ritu Budania
MBBS, MD (Pharmacology)
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What our customers have to say

Yatin Parte
PuneMar 16, 2023
I share my experiences either when I’m pleased or disgusted. This comes from the pleasure that PharmEasy SurgiCare delivered in the process of cataract eye surgery for my wife. They are quite pocket-friendly and truly well organised. An assigned Care Expert is available throughout the process of tests, consultations, hospitalisation and discharge, and insurance documentation. They also offered picked and dropped services to and from the hospital. The surgery itself was very smooth and without any complications. I am happy I chose PharmEasy SurgiCare.
Pushkar Yardi
PuneMar 16, 2023
Phacoemulsification cataract surgery through PharmEasy Surgicare services was a cinch. They ensured that everything fell in place at the right time and at the right place. Tests, hospital admission and discharge, insurance paperwork for cashless surgery and hospitalisation costs, an extremely efficient doctor – everything. The surgery itself was ever so smooth. They even had the bed upgraded to a private room and ensured wonderful nursing care happened. I could not have arranged things any better for my mother. Well done PharmEasy SurgiCare.
B. Nagesh
BangaloreMar 16, 2023
My mother, who is usually very critical of things, had nothing but praise for PharmEasy Surgicare and their Care Expert when she had her cataract removed using their services. She was highly impressed at their meticulousness in organising everything right from her pre-surgery tests, the cleanliness and care she received at the selected hospital, the extremely caring staff and her Phacoemulsification surgeon. Thank you PharmEasy for the efforts. Her happiness with you all is the best reward for you and me.
Sadashiv Rao
HyderabadMar 16, 2023
PharmEasy offers a wonderful service in the form of SurgiCare. My apprehensions were completely put to rest in my very first contact with them. Entrusting my eye operation to them worked very well for me. PharmEasy took care of tests, consultations, hospitalisation, choosing the surgeon, arranging the operation and assigned an exclusive Care Expert for me. My doctor was extremely good and my surgery got done “just like that”. I must record that PharmEasy Surgicare’s service has been extremely impressive.
Rubina Alam
PuneMar 16, 2023
My mother had her right eye cataract removed recently with PharmEasy SurgiCare. Whatever apprehensions I had about them being expensive came unfounded right at my first interaction with them. They are highly professional and well organised and it seeps through in their handling of appointments, arranging tests, the smooth entry and exit process at the hospital, the expert surgeon and the well-selected hospital that gave so much care. Thank you PharmEasy Surgicare.
Shaukat Ali
MumbaiMar 16, 2023
I had my cataract surgery done through PharmEasy Surgicare. They organised and arranged everything that was necessary before and after my surgery. I did not need to move a finger. Even my insurance paperwork was handled by PharmEasy SurgiCare. The MICS procedure went through wonderfully and the nursing care during my after-surgery stay was too good. I have recommended their services to many in my family and friends. You may try them without second thoughts.
Dr. J. Nagraja
HyderabadMar 16, 2023
Total service is what comes to mind when I reminisce about my cataract operation done through PharmEasy Surgicare. As an academic and author, availability of time was an issue for my surgery. They arranged every aspect from tests to doctor visits, hospitalisation tied to surgery schedule and minimal stay over so well that I could fit everything comfortably in my schedule. My doctor and the hospital were superb. Thank you PharmEasy SurgiCare.
Sudhir Bagga
DelhiMar 16, 2023
My mother-in-law remains greatly impressed by the treatment she received from PharmEasy SurgiCare. throughout the course of her MICS cataract eye surgery through them. Not only did they take very good care of her, but they also released me from a lot of running around for tests, visiting doctors, showing reports etc. that invariably is a part of surgical processes. She remains highly impressed with her surgeon and his demeanour all through.
K. Jaya Tilak
BangaloreMar 16, 2023
For completely hassle-free cataract surgery, I genuinely recommend trying out PharmEasy Surgicare. This is based on my personal experience. They took care of everything that was necessary before and after surgery. The surgery itself was arranged at a nice, modern hospital with a wonderful doctor who instilled confidence. I received very good care from the nurses too. I will have my second eye surgery done through PharmEasy SurgiCare.
Ameena Yusuf
DelhiMar 16, 2023
I had cataracts in both eyes of my mother removed through PharmEasy SurgiCare. Repeating their service in itself shows the confidence they have built up about their services in me and my mother. I did not have to arrange or worry about anything regarding the surgeries on both occasions. Their services come at a very reasonable cost despite very experienced surgeons, excellent hospitals and staff and good care. Keep up the good work.
Jacob Punnose
HyderabadMar 16, 2023
Any surgery creates anxiety among patients and their families. Apart from all the required medical matters, they did all the paperwork and made sure I got the cashless insurance facility for the hospital stay, surgery and related expenses at the hospital. They even dropped me and my mother home on the day of discharge. The hospital, nurses and doctors were outstanding. My sincere thanks to the entire Surgicare team at PharmEasy.
C. C. Makal
DelhiMar 16, 2023
From PharmEasy SurgiCare I got reasonably priced complete treatment, an extremely deft surgeon, a good hospital with really nice, caring staff, every necessary detail was taken care of by their Care Expert, all tests well organised – in short, a totally hassle-free, memorable Phacoemulsification surgery experience for my right eye cataract. There’s no doubt who I shall turn to when my left eye needs cataract surgery.
C. C. Makal
HyderabadMar 16, 2023
From PharmEasy SurgiCare I got reasonably priced complete treatment, an extremely deft surgeon, a good hospital with really nice, caring staff, every necessary detail was taken care of by their Care Expert, all tests well organised – in short, a totally hassle-free, memorable Phacoemulsification surgery experience for my right eye cataract. There’s no doubt who I shall turn to when my left eye needs cataract surgery.
Sheetal Kaushik
DelhiMar 16, 2023
For a working woman like me, opting for the services of PharmEasy SurgiCare for the cataract removal of my father was almost a compulsion. My compulsion to yield such a beautiful experience was beyond imagination. The Care Expert took care of everything from day one to the day my father returned home after surgery. The Expert even remembered to remind my father of his follow-up visits. Thank you PharmEasy SurgiCare.
Yatin Prabhu
MumbaiMar 16, 2023
I had a good experience with PharmEasy SurgiCare. They were quite reasonably priced despite having the surgery done at a facility with modern equipment and an extremely qualified, reassuring doctor. Pre-operative and post-operative investigations and care were taken care of. The nursing staff at the hospital took extra care of her. SurgiCare is good, pocket friendly and reliable. Try them out.
Nitin Peramwar
PuneMar 16, 2023
I had no idea that just a curious phone call to PharmEasy Surgicare would deliver such an exhilarating experience for me. From tests and diagnosis, arranging hospital admission and discharge, the event-free surgery itself, great nursing through my stay and every paperwork including ensuring a cashless hospitalisation and surgery, PharmEasy SurgiCare ensured all fell in place. Thanks a ton.
Joel Verghese
BangaloreMar 16, 2023
The care and treatment I have received from PharmEasy for my MICS cataract surgery are unbelievable. They well and truly took care of everything from the moment I agreed to avail their services. The hospital they selected was nice and comfortable with excellent equipment and nursing staff. It is nice to know that PharmEasy is at hand should I require surgery at any time in future.
Joel Verghese
MumbaiMar 16, 2023
The care and treatment I have received from PharmEasy for my MICS cataract surgery are unbelievable. They well and truly took care of everything from the moment I agreed to avail their services. The hospital they selected was nice and comfortable with excellent equipment and nursing staff. It is nice to know that PharmEasy is at hand should I require surgery at any time in future.
Damien Watchmaker
BangaloreMar 16, 2023
My experience with surgery through PharmEasy SurgiCare has been excellent. No aspect was left unattended by their Care Expert, including paperwork for cashless surgery and hospitalisation against my insurance policy. I have only praise for my Phacoemulsification surgeon and the nursing staff. They even dropped me home after my release from the hospital. What service! Thank you.
Damien Watchmaker
MumbaiMar 16, 2023
My experience with surgery through PharmEasy SurgiCare has been excellent. No aspect was left unattended by their Care Expert, including paperwork for cashless surgery and hospitalisation against my insurance policy. I have only praise for my Phacoemulsification surgeon and the nursing staff. They even dropped me home after my release from the hospital. What service! Thank you.
A. V. R. Raju
HyderabadMar 16, 2023
PharmEasy SurgiCare executed the complete treatment for my wife’s cataract in the left eye. They handled every matter with professional ease causing no discomfort to us. They kept every promise they had made. The doctor was comforting and the hospital was spic and span with well-mannered, caring staff. My wife and I have no hesitation in recommending PharmEasy SurgiCare.
R. Suryanarayana
BangaloreMar 16, 2023
PharmEasy SurgiCare took care of my eye surgery for a cataract. They handled everything very efficiently right from the word “go”. No glitches, no hassles and a very good surgeon with personal nursing care. Everything happened nice and easy right from the moment till I returned home from the hospital. They are a very good service to have around when you are in need.
Lovleen D’Costa
PuneMar 16, 2023
My father insisted that PharmEasy SurgiCare be tried out for his second eye cataract removal as it would save me a lot of botheration. And, so it indeed did. PharmEasy Surgicare took away all my hassles. I need not recount the hassles at every step. PharmEasy SurgiCare just delivered a great experience. Thank you for making it all so easy.
Sailesh Prajapati
MumbaiMar 16, 2023
Cataract removal through PharmEasy meant a worry-free journey for me. Everything was taken care of by PharmEasy SurgiCare and at a reasonable cost too. They even took care of all insurance paraphernalia. The hospital and surgeon they selected were very good too and everyone took personal care. Keep it up.

Frequently asked questions

Is laser surgery or manual surgery better for cataract treatment?

Laser surgery for cataract treatment can be considered more precise than manual surgery.

Is the surgery performed under anaesthesia?

Yes, the surgeries are performed under local anaesthesia.

Is it safe to undergo cataract surgery with diabetes?

Yes, diabetics can undergo cataract-removal surgery. Consult your doctor and ophthalmologist and mention your condition before getting the surgery.

How long does the surgery take to be completed?

It takes approximately 15-30 minutes to complete a MICS cataract surgery.

What is phacoemulsification?

It is a new eye cataract operation method wherein the internal lens is emulsified with the aid of an ultrasonic handpiece.

What are the chances of recurrence of cataracts after surgery?

There are minimal chances of recurrence of cataracts after cataract surgery.

Is Cataract Surgery Painful?

Cataract surgery is a very precise surgery that involves a painless procedure. Procedures like MICS or Phacoemulsification are painless and take very little time to be completed.

How long does it take to recover from cataract surgery?

Cataract surgery is a quick procedure and takes approximately 15-30 minutes to be completed. Recovery time from cataract surgery is usually around 4 to 6 weeks. The minimal vision difficulties right after the surgery usually subside within a few days. It takes 4 to 6 weeks for the eyes to completely stabilize.

What causes cataract formation in the eyes?

Cataracts form in the eyes naturally due to ageing. It usually affects people over the age of 55 and affects a majority of people by the time they reach the age of 75. Natural ageing is the most definitive cause of cataracts.

Is it safe to go swimming after getting cataract surgery?

It is advisable to avoid swimming or prolonged contact of the eyes with water after getting cataract surgery. Swimming should definitely be avoided for at least two weeks after getting cataract surgery. It is best to consult your ophthalmologist to know when it is safe to swim again after the surgery.

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Why a Cataract Surgery?

  • Cataract surgery with the injections that are required.
  • Advanced surgery techniques like MICS performed by experienced surgeons
  • Resume work in 2-3 days after surgery
  • Quick recovery of vision after surgery
  • No bleeding or minimal bleeding during surgery
  • Surgery performed under local anaesthesia
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