Dengue Rapid Test (IgG/IgM)

Dengue Fever Antibodies (Rapid)

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Blood
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Overview

Dengue virus belongs to the Flavivirus family of viruses. Dengue viruses are transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. This virus is one of the world's major mosquito-borne illnesses in terms of deaths. This viral ailment is spread by mosquitoes living in subtropical and tropical regions and carrying the virus. Blood tests help identify dengue antibodies or the dengue viruses generated in response to dengue illness.

The Dengue Rapid Test (IgG/IgM) measures two parameters in the blood: IgG and IgM antibodies. Dengue IgG antibodies arise after IgM antibodies in the initial infection, around day 7 of this infection or fever and can last for weeks or months. Dengue viraemia is ubiquitous in febrile dengue sufferers; dengue NS1 Ag develops before the onset of symptoms/fever and peaks 2-3 days later. An original dengue infection produces a measurable amount of IgM antibodies by the third afebrile day following the infection, typically lasting for 2 to 6 months.

Symptoms indicating abnormal antibodies in the human body calls for a Dengue Rapid Test (IgG/IgM). Other symptoms such as headache, swollen glands, rash, nausea, joint, bone or muscle pain, vomiting, pain behind the eyes, blood in stool and vomit, restlessness, fatigue, bleeding nose or gums, rapid breathing and severe abdominal pain indicating the presence of infection.

A Dengue Rapid Test (IgG/IgM) is advisable if there is liver enlargement. Dengue liver involvement ranges from jaundice (a form of liver disorder) to an increase in liver enzymes. Elevated liver enzymes can develop in the absence or presence of hepatomegaly (liver enlargement). The Dengue Rapid Test (IgG/IgM) test results can determine if an individual is suffering from dengue (primary and secondary infection), Zika (disease due to a mosquito bite), chikungunya (a viral disorder) and other flaviviruses (yellow fever viruses).

Dengue and viral fever are endemic to some regions of India where individuals live in poor socioeconomic areas. Viral fever is wreaking havoc across India, from Uttar Pradesh to Madhya Pradesh. Several states in the nation are struggling with a dengue infection outbreak. Furthermore, Uttar Pradesh is the most affected by dengue. Children under the age of 15 years are primarily affected by dengue haemorrhagic conditions and dengue fever in Asia's hyperendemic regions.

Risk Assessment

Dengue fever, Dengue haemorrhagic fever

Ranges

	Normal Range
IgM	Negative
IgG	Negative

IgG and IgM can be positive in secondary dengue infection.

Test Result Interpretation

The main components of the Dengue Rapid Test (IgG/IgM) are IgG and IgM.

Positive IgG tests and IgM for dengue antibodies found in a preliminary blood sample indicate that the individual was recently affected by the dengue virus. IgM antibody investigation may be high sometimes, even if an individual has been attacked by a comparable virus, including chikungunya (called cross-reaction).

The detection of IgG without IgM in the result of the Dengue Rapid Test does not indicate current dengue infection. Thus, test findings should include an exposure record and clinical symptoms and be analysed in conjunction with a clinical examination.

If the IgG becomes positive in the Dengue Rapid Test and the IgM is negative or low, the individual most likely had an infectious disease in the past. Negative IgG and/or IgM antibody testing may indicate that the person being analysed does not suffer from a dengue infection and the clinical signs are due to some other cause or that the antibody level is too low to be determined. The individual may still suffer from dengue fever; it may simply be that it is very early after initial infection exposure to develop detectable levels of antibodies.

Antibody investigation for dengue fever may be sometimes positive if an immune system is affected by other arboviruses, including the West Nile virus. A healthcare professional will diagnose the condition based on a person's test findings, clinical records and any recent or past travel history.

No laboratory examination can determine whether or not this illness will advance to a more severe condition, but people who have earlier been affected with dengue are more likely to acquire severe dengue fever during the subsequent infection.

If the findings of the IgG and IgM in the Dengue Rapid Test (IgG/IgM) are excessively deranged, it requires further tests for further potential complications. These complications can be liver damage, internal bleeding, organ failure and shock.