{"id":278021,"date":"2026-05-12T12:44:37","date_gmt":"2026-05-12T12:44:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/?p=278021"},"modified":"2026-05-12T13:10:10","modified_gmt":"2026-05-12T13:10:10","slug":"diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/","title":{"rendered":"Hepatitis B: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms &amp; Treatment"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\">\n<\/head><body><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a05b6aeb7d47\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a05b6aeb7d47\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#Introduction\" >Introduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#What_is_Hepatitis_B\" >What is Hepatitis B?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#Types_of_Hepatitis_B\" >Types of Hepatitis B<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#Causes_of_Hepatitis_B\" >Causes of Hepatitis B<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#Symptoms_of_Hepatitis_B\" >Symptoms of Hepatitis B<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#Risk_Factors\" >Risk Factors<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#Complications\" >Complications<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#Diagnosis_of_Hepatitis_B\" >Diagnosis of Hepatitis B<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#Treatment_Options\" >Treatment Options<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#Prevention\" >Prevention<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#When_to_See_a_Doctor\" >When to See a\u00a0Doctor?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" >Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/diagnostic-hepatitis-b-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment\/#References\" >References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n    <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/channel-health-talk\"\n       class=\"pe-healthtalk-banner\"\n       style=\"position:relative; display:block; margin:10px; border-radius:10px; border-bottom:2px solid #117B77; overflow:hidden;\">\n        <span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"position:absolute; left:0; bottom:0; width:2px; height:50%; background:#10847e;\"><\/span>\n        <img alt=\"Join Health Talk by PharmEasy on WhatsApp\"\n             src=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/PEhealthtalk-1.png\"\n             style=\"width:100%; display:block; border-radius:10px;\">\n    <\/a>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span><strong>Introduction<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Have you ever felt very tired for many days or noticed your eyes looking a little yellow?\u00a0These can be\u00a0Hepatitis B symptoms<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/about\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1<\/a><\/sup>. Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by\u00a0the\u00a0Hepatitis B\u00a0virus (HBV). This virus can make the liver swollen and affect how it works<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/hepatitis\/learn-about-viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b-basics\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One tricky thing about Hepatitis B is that many people do not feel sick at all in the beginning. Some people may not have any symptoms for a long time, even for many years.\u00a0But when symptoms do appear, they can include feeling tired, fever, stomach pain, loss of appetite, dark urine, or yellow skin and eyes<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/about\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In India, about 29.8 million\u00a0people were living with Hepatitis B in 2022,\u00a0showing a significant health burden in the\u00a0country<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01804-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If Hepatitis B becomes long-term, it can lead to serious liver problems like\u00a0chronic liver disease (long-lasting liver damage), cirrhosis (serious scarring of the liver), liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (a type of liver cancer)<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup>. That is why it is important to learn about it early.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this blog, you will understand\u00a0what\u00a0is\u00a0Hepatitis B, how it spreads, its symptoms, treatment, and ways to prevent it.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Hepatitis_B\"><\/span><strong>What is Hepatitis B?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hepatitis B\u00a0is a viral infection\u00a0mainly affecting\u00a0the liver. It is\u00a0caused by the Hepatitis B virus\u00a0and\u00a0spread\u00a0through infected\u00a0blood and\u00a0body fluids like\u00a0semen and vaginal\u00a0secretions.\u00a0After entering the body, the virus\u00a0reaches the liver and\u00a0infects\u00a0its\u00a0cells.\u00a0The infection does not cause symptoms\u00a0immediately. It may take 30\u2013180 days for signs to appear, and many people may not notice any\u00a0signs or symptoms\u00a0in the early stage.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During infection,\u00a0the body\u2019s immune system tries to remove the infected liver cells by attacking them. Special immune cells called\u00a0cytotoxic\u00a0T lymphocyte cells help in destroying these infected liver cells.\u00a0This can also lead to inflammation and damage in the liver. In some cases, the virus may continue to stay in the body and slowly affect liver health over\u00a0time<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types_of_Hepatitis_B\"><\/span><strong>Types of Hepatitis B<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hepatitis B infection can be of\u00a0two main types: acute and chronic.\u00a0These\u00a0types\u00a0of Hepatitis B\u00a0infection\u00a0are based on how long the virus stays in the body and how it affects the liver<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Acute Hepatitis B                                                                                                                                     <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This is a short-term infection where the virus stays in the body for a limited time and then clears.\u00a0It can last for a few weeks and sometimes up to 6 months.\u00a0Doctors often identify this stage when a\u00a0marker for\u00a0hepatitis B called HBsAg,\u00a0is present in the body for less than 6 months<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0Most healthy adults and children above 5 years\u00a0get rid of\u00a0infection naturally\u00a0and\u00a0recover completely<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0During this stage, the liver may show changes like damage to liver cells and inflammation due to infection<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Chronic Hepatitis B<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This is a long-term infection where the virus stays in the body for a longer time.\u00a0This type is usually\u00a0identified\u00a0when the HBsAg marker stays in the body for longer than 6\u00a0months.\u00a0The chance of this happening is higher in infants and young children.\u00a0About 90% of infants, 25\u201350% of young children, and 5% of adults may develop this type<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0If\u00a0the inflammation continues for many years, it can lead to liver scarring (fibrosis), severe liver scarring (cirrhosis), and liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma)<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>\n<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Causes_of_Hepatitis_B\"><\/span><strong>Causes of Hepatitis B<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hepatitis B spreads\u00a0mainly through\u00a0direct exposure to\u00a0infected blood and body\u00a0fluids in different\u00a0every day\u00a0or medical situations<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">6<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0The\u00a0most common\u00a0Hepatitis B\u00a0causes\u00a0include:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Unprotected sexual contact, including vaginal, oral, or anal sex with an infected person\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Contact with infected body fluids such as blood, semen\u00a0or\u00a0vaginal\u00a0secretions<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sharing needles, syringes, or sharp objects used for drugs, tattooing, or piercing\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Needle stick injuries or accidental exposure to infected blood<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">6<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In rare cases, unsafe medical procedures like injections, surgery, or blood transfusion when proper safety is not followed<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/hepatitis\/learn-about-viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b-basics\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mother-to-child spread during birth\u00a0(perinatal transmission)<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Close contact between children involving exposure to infected body fluids\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sharing or reusing contaminated sharp tools in healthcare or community settings<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">6<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul><div id=\"sfa_container_278021\" class=\"sfa_container\" style=\"display:none\"><div class=\"sfa_overlay\"><\/div><button id=\"sfa_btn_278021\" class=\"sfa_btn\">Show Full Article<\/button><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that the virus spreads through direct contact with infected fluids, not through casual contact like touching,talking<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup>, hugging, kissing, coughing, sneezing, breastfeeding (if nipples are not cracked or bleeding and the infant is vaccinated), or sharing food and drinks<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33574867\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">7<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Symptoms_of_Hepatitis_B\"><\/span><strong>Symptoms of Hepatitis B<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Symptoms-of-Hepatitis-B-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"symptoms of hepatitis B\" class=\"wp-image-278064\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Symptoms-of-Hepatitis-B-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Symptoms-of-Hepatitis-B-375x211.webp 375w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Symptoms-of-Hepatitis-B-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Symptoms-of-Hepatitis-B-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Symptoms-of-Hepatitis-B-480x270.webp 480w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Symptoms-of-Hepatitis-B-853x480.webp 853w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Symptoms-of-Hepatitis-B-150x84.webp 150w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Symptoms-of-Hepatitis-B.webp 1672w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Many people may not have any\u00a0Hepatitis B\u00a0symptoms,\u00a0especially in the early stage of infection<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/about\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1<\/a><\/sup>. When symptoms do appear, they usually develop\u00a0after an incubation\u00a0period of\u00a030\u2013180 days\u00a0following\u00a0exposure to the virus<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0Common symptoms of Hepatitis B include:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Feeling very tired or weak (<a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/eat-these-10-foods-to-fight-fatigue\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>fatigue<\/strong><\/a>)<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fever or increased body temperature<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/about\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pain or swelling in joints (arthralgia or <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/home-remedies-for-arthritis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">arthritis<\/a><\/strong>)\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pain or discomfort in the abdomen (stomach area)<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Loss of appetite or not feeling like eating\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nausea and vomiting (feeling like throwing\u00a0up)\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dark-coloured\u00a0urine or pale stools\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/about\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Skin rash in some cases,\u00a0as part of\u00a0a\u00a0serum sickness\u2013like syndrome, a temporary immune reaction that can cause rash, <a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/home-remedies-for-knee-joint-pain-by-dr-siddharth-gupta\/\"><strong>joint pain<\/strong><\/a>, and fever during acute Hepatitis\u00a0B infection<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Because\u00a0Hepatitis B\u00a0symptoms\u00a0may be mild or absent,\u00a0early detection is important, and the diagnosis is confirmed using blood tests such as HBsAg and other hepatitis B serologic\u00a0markers<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Risk_Factors\"><\/span><strong>Risk Factors<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"571\" src=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Risk-Factors-for-hepatitis-b-1024x571.webp\" alt=\"risk factors for hepatitis b\" class=\"wp-image-278072\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Risk-Factors-for-hepatitis-b-1024x571.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Risk-Factors-for-hepatitis-b-375x209.webp 375w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Risk-Factors-for-hepatitis-b-768x428.webp 768w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Risk-Factors-for-hepatitis-b-480x268.webp 480w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Risk-Factors-for-hepatitis-b-861x480.webp 861w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Risk-Factors-for-hepatitis-b-150x84.webp 150w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Risk-Factors-for-hepatitis-b.webp 1377w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Risk factors are situations or behaviours that increase the chance of\u00a0coming into contact with\u00a0the virus.\u00a0These do not cause the infection directly but make exposure more likely<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Factors that increase the risk include:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Having unprotected sex or multiple sexual partners\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sharing needles or injecting drugs\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Being born to a mother who has Hepatitis B\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Living with someone who has Hepatitis B and being exposed to their blood or body fluids<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Being unvaccinated, especially in\u00a0higher-risk\u00a0settings<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Being born or living in areas where Hepatitis B is more common\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Having infections like HIV or hepatitis C\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Working in jobs with exposure to blood, needles, or body fluids\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Being on kidney dialysis\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Living or working in crowded places like prisons where exposure risk is higher<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These factors increase risk because they raise the chances of contact with infected blood or body fluids<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0Reducing exposure and following safety measures can help lower this risk<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">6<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Complications\"><\/span><strong>Complications<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hepatitis B may lead to serious complications. These complications can affect how the liver works and may become severe over time. Some important complications include:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Acute liver failure:<\/strong>\u00a0It is a rare but severe complication of acute Hepatitis B infection, where the liver rapidly loses function and may show problems like bleeding tendency and brain dysfunction (encephalopathy); in severe cases, liver transplantation may be\u00a0required<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24369077\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">8<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cirrhosis:<\/strong>\u00a0Long-term infection\u00a0with\u00a0 \u00a0healthy liver\u00a0cells\u00a0to\u00a0develop\u00a0scar tissue, affecting normal liver function.\u00a0Decompensated cirrhosis or end-stage liver disease may\u00a0occur, leading to complications such as fluid accumulation in the abdomen (ascites), vomiting of blood due to swollen veins (variceal bleeding), confusion due to toxin buildup\u00a0(encephalopathy), and jaundice<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34039491\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">9<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Liver failure:<\/strong>\u00a0Severe damage leads to end-stage liver disease where the liver cannot function properly.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Liver cancer:<\/strong>\u00a0Chronic infection increases risk\u00a0to cancer of liver cells, so regular tests and scans help in early detection<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reactivation:<\/strong>\u00a0The virus may become active again later in life and damage the liver after being quiet.\u00a0HBV reactivation commonly occurs during conditions of weakened immunity such as chemotherapy, steroid therapy, biologic drugs, or after organ transplantation<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35850281\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hepatitis D:<\/strong>\u00a0People with hepatitis B can also get hepatitis D, which worsens liver damage<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These complications can become life-threatening as the disease progresses. Patients with hepatitis B should be\u00a0monitored\u00a0closely for these risks.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diagnosis_of_Hepatitis_B\"><\/span><strong>Diagnosis of Hepatitis B<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hepatitis B is diagnosed using a combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests, and sometimes imaging tests\u00a0as explained below:<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Medical and family history:\u00a0<\/strong>Doctors ask about symptoms like fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, dark urine, and jaundice. They also check important risk factors such as unprotected sexual contact, intravenous drug use, healthcare exposure, and close contact with infected persons. Family history of hepatitis B or liver cancer is also important for risk assessment<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Physical examination:\u00a0<\/strong>Doctors look for signs of liver damage such as yellowing of the eyes or skin (jaundice), swelling in the abdomen, and swelling in the legs or feet. In long-term disease, signs like enlarged liver or spleen and fluid in the abdomen may be seen<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Blood tests:\u00a0<\/strong>Blood tests are the most important method used to confirm hepatitis B and understand the stage of infection.\u00a0\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/diagnostics\/tests\/hbsag-87\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>HBsAg<\/strong><\/a>(hepatitis B surface antigen), a viral protein found on the surface of the hepatitis B virus,\u00a0shows a current active infection.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/diagnostics\/tests\/anti-hepatitis-b-surface-antigen-total-687\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Anti-HBs<\/strong><\/a> (antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen), a protective antibody,\u00a0indicates\u00a0immunity due to vaccination or past recovery.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/diagnostics\/tests\/anti-hepatitis-b-core-antibody-ahbc-igm-295\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Anti-HBc IgM<\/strong><\/a> (IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen),\u00a0an early immune response antibody,\u00a0suggests a recent or acute infection.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Anti-HBc IgG (IgG antibody to hepatitis B core antigen), a long-lasting antibody,\u00a0indicates\u00a0past or long-term infection.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/diagnostics\/tests\/hepatitis-b-enevelope-antigenhbeag-rapid-test-804\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>HBeAg<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(hepatitis B e antigen),\u00a0a marker of active viral replication,\u00a0indicates\u00a0how active the virus is.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/diagnostics\/tests\/hbv-dna-quntitative-viral-load-164\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>HBV DNA<\/strong><\/a> (measurement of viral genetic material in blood)\u00a0shows\u00a0viral load\u00a0that is the\u00a0amount of virus in the body. It\u00a0indicates\u00a0how active the virus is and how quickly it is\u00a0multiplying in the body<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.journal-of-hepatology.eu\/article\/S0168-8278(25)00174-6\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">11<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Blood tests\u00a0are used to\u00a0detect hepatitis B markers such as HBsAg and other antibodies. Together,\u00a0these\u00a0tests help doctors understand whether the infection is new (acute) or long-term (chronic), how active the virus is, and whether\u00a0Hepatitis B\u00a0treatment\u00a0is needed<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup> Blood tests can also show if a person is immune due to vaccination or past infection<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/diagnostics\/profile\/liver-function-test-lft-254\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Liver function tests<\/a>:\u00a0<\/strong>Tests like <a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/diagnostics\/tests\/sgpt-alt-130\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>ALT<\/strong><\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/diagnostics\/tests\/sgot-ast-129\/coimbatore-124\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>AST<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0are done to\u00a0check\u00a0for\u00a0liver inflammation\u00a0and\u00a0injury<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Imaging and special tests:\u00a0<\/strong>Imaging tests help check liver damage and complications. Ultrasound is a scan that shows the structure of the liver and is\u00a0mainly used\u00a0to screen for liver cancer (HCC) in long-term hepatitis B.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Elastography measures liver stiffness to detect scarring (fibrosis)<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.journal-of-hepatology.eu\/article\/S0168-8278(25)00174-6\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">11<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In some cases, a liver biopsy may be done if more detailed information is needed<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These tests together help confirm Hepatitis B and understand whether the infection is acute or chronic and how much the liver is affected<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For broader screening of related infections and sexually transmitted conditions, comprehensive profiles such as an STD panel may also be used, which can include Hepatitis B testing as part of a wider evaluation. You can learn more about\u00a0this\u00a0combined testing package <a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/diagnostics\/packages\/jaanch-std-profile-advanced-2181\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>here<\/strong><\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Treatment_Options\"><\/span><strong>Treatment Options<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Treatment of hepatitis B depends on whether the infection is acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term) and how severe the liver damage is. Doctors choose treatment after checking symptoms, blood tests, and liver condition<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/treatment\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">12<\/a><\/sup> Here are some\u00a0Hepatitis B\u00a0treatment\u00a0options, based on the type and severity of infection:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Rest and supportive care:\u00a0<\/strong>Most\u00a0adults with\u00a0a healthy immunity having\u00a0acute hepatitis B\u00a0\u00a0recover spontaneously\u00a0and\u00a0do not need antiviral drugs because the infection often clears naturally.\u00a0Treatment is\u00a0mainly supportive<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0Patients are advised to\u00a0take adequate rest,\u00a0maintain\u00a0proper hydration, follow a balanced and nutritious diet, and avoid alcohol and other hepatotoxic (liver-harming) substances.\u00a0Mild cases can be managed at home, while severe cases may need hospital care for monitoring<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/treatment\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">12<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Antiviral medicines in severe acute cases:\u00a0<\/strong>In rare severe infections, antiviral medicines are used.\u00a0This is\u00a0required\u00a0when there are signs of serious liver damage such as high bilirubin,\u00a0raised INR, or liver failure.\u00a0Drugs like tenofovir or entecavir may be given to control the virus and protect the liver<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chronic hepatitis B\u00a0treatment:\u00a0<\/strong>Not all chronic cases need treatment.\u00a0Doctors assess liver enzymes, viral load, and liver condition before starting therapy.\u00a0If needed, long-term antiviral medicines such as tenofovir, entecavir, lamivudine, or interferons are used<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0These help reduce virus activity and prevent complications like cirrhosis and liver cancer, but they may not fully cure the infection.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prevention\"><\/span><strong>Prevention<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Prevention-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"prevention for hepatitis b\" class=\"wp-image-278068\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Prevention-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Prevention-375x211.webp 375w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Prevention-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Prevention-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Prevention-480x270.webp 480w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Prevention-853x480.webp 853w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Prevention-150x84.webp 150w, https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Prevention.webp 1672w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Hepatitis B\u00a0prevention\u00a0mainly focuses\u00a0on vaccination and reducing contact with infected blood and body fluids<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/prevention\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">13<\/a><\/sup>. Here are some ways to prevent hepatitis B infection:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Getting the hepatitis B vaccine is the best protection, and it is recommended for most people<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/prevention\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">13<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0The vaccine is given in\u00a0a\u00a02-, 3-, or 4-dose schedule depending on age and vaccine formulation, which helps the body build long-term protection against the virus<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/treatment-guidelines\/hbv.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">14<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pregnant women should get tested during pregnancy so infection can be found early. In\u00a0newborn babies\u00a0born to infected mothers,\u00a0hepatitis B vaccine\u00a0along with hepatitis B immunoglobulin\u00a0(HBIG)\u00a0should ideally be given within 12 hours of birth as\u00a0early administration\u00a0greatly reduces\u00a0the risk of\u00a0transmission from mother to child<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/prevention\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">13<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/rr5416a1.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">15<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Using condoms during sex helps reduce the spread of hepatitis B because the virus can be present in sexual body fluids<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Do not share needles or injection\u00a0equipment, and\u00a0make sure tattoo or piercing tools are properly sterilized. Avoid sharing personal items like toothbrushes or razors<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If someone is exposed to the virus,\u00a0post-exposure prophylaxis (hepatitis B vaccine with or without\u00a0Hepatitis B immunoglobulin [HBIG], a protective antibody injection) should be started as soon as possible\u00a0ideally\u00a0within 24 hours to prevent infection,\u00a0because its protective effect decreases when there is delay<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0 After sexual exposure, HBIG is generally not given beyond\u00a014 days\u00a0after exposure<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/rr5416a4.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">16<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>People traveling to areas with high hepatitis B cases should make sure their vaccination is up to date before travel<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/prevention\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">13<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Hepatitis B\u00a0prevention\u00a0is important because\u00a0it\u00a0can cause serious long-term liver problems, but vaccination and safe practices can greatly reduce the risk of infection and protect both individuals and families effectively.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"When_to_See_a_Doctor\"><\/span><strong>When to See a\u00a0Doctor?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You should see a doctor in the following situations if you suspect hepatitis B or are at risk of infection<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>If you may have been exposed to infected blood or body fluids\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If you develop\u00a0Hepatitis B\u00a0symptoms\u00a0like tiredness, fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine,\u00a0light-coloured\u00a0stool, or jaundice<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If you are pregnant, as routine screening is recommended during pregnancy\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If you belong to a high-risk group or have had close contact with someone infected\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/online-doctor-consultation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Seeing a doctor<\/a><\/strong> early helps with proper testing, diagnosis, and monitoring of liver health, and it can reduce the risk of serious complications<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Also Read: <a href=\"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/liver-fibrosis-what-is-it-causes-symptoms-treatment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Liver Fibrosis: What Is It, Causes, Symptoms &amp; Treatment<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection, but it can be prevented in many cases. Getting vaccinated is the most important step because it protects the body from the virus. Early testing also helps find the infection before it damages the liver.\u00a0Many people may not feel sick in the beginning, so regular check-ups are important. A healthy lifestyle like eating well, avoiding alcohol, and following safe practices can also protect the liver.\u00a0With awareness, early\u00a0detection and\u00a0appropriate\u00a0medical care, the risk of severe outcomes from hepatitis B can be greatly reduced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span><strong>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1778499722326\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>How do you flush out hepatitis B?<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">You cannot flush out hepatitis B like a toxin. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that spreads through infected blood and body fluids. In acute cases, the virus may go away on its own, and most healthy adults recover without developing long-term infection. Chronic hepatitis B is long-lasting and needs medical care and regular monitoring to protect the liver<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.\u00a0<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1778499752754\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Is hepatitis B very serious?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Hepatitis B is a viral infection that can affect the liver and cause inflammation and damage. It may be short-term or long-term, and in some\u00a0people,\u00a0it can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, or liver cancer, even without early symptoms. Some people feel normal, but damage can slowly develop and worsen over time<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1778499780236\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Is hepatitis B hereditary?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Hepatitis B is not a hereditary disease. It is caused by a virus and spreads mainly through blood, body fluids, or from an infected mother to baby during birth. It is not passed through genes from parents to children in any way ever<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39129942\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">17<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1778499810410\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Is hepatitis B genetic?<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Hepatitis B is not a hereditary disease. It is caused by a virus and spreads mainly through blood, body fluids, or from an infected mother to baby during birth. It is not passed through genes from parents to children in any way ever<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39129942\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">17<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1778499843535\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Are\u00a0hepatitis B and\u00a0HIV\u00a0the same?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">HIV and hepatitis B are not the same disease. HIV weakens the body\u2019s immune system, while hepatitis B mainly infects and damages the liver. Both can spread through blood and body fluids like unprotected sex or needle sharing. However, they are different viruses, and sometimes people can be infected with both at the same time<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/stacks.cdc.gov\/view\/cdc\/48584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">18<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1778499866594\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Can hepatitis B cause cancer?<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Yes, hepatitis B can cause cancer.\u00a0Hepatitis B is a major cause of liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) because long-term infection can damage liver cells, lead to scarring (cirrhosis), and slowly increase cancer risk. Regular check-ups and treatment help reduce this risk significantly<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hepb.org\/assets\/Uploads\/Hepatitis-B-and-Liver-Cancer-HBF-Fact-Sheet2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">19<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1778499891578\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Can hepatitis B affect pregnancy?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Yes, hepatitis B can affect pregnancy.\u00a0The virus can spread from an infected mother to the baby during birth through blood and body fluids. This risk is higher if the mother has active infection. However, giving the baby hepatitis B vaccine and immunoglobulin soon after birth greatly reduces the chance of infection<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6448610\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">20<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"References\"><\/span><strong>References<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Hepatitis B Basics | Hepatitis B | CDC. Accessed May 5, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/about\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/about\/index.html<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Hepatitis B Basic Information | HHS.gov. Accessed May 5, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/hepatitis\/learn-about-viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b-basics\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/hepatitis\/learn-about-viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b-basics\/index.html<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Swaroop S, Shalimar, Acharya SK. Hepatitis B virus prevalence in India: A wake-up call for action.\u00a0<em>Indian J Gastroenterol<\/em>. 2025;44(5):585-587. doi:10.1007\/s12664-025-01804-5\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01804-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01804-5<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. Tripathi N, Mousa OY. Hepatitis B. In:\u00a0<em>StatPearls [Internet]<\/em>. StatPearls Publishing; 2023. Accessed May 5, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK555945\/<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. Hepatitis B \u2013 NIDDK. Accessed May 5, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/liver-disease\/viral-hepatitis\/hepatitis-b<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. World Health Organisation. Hepatitis B. Accessed May 5, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-b<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. Guvenir M, Arikan A. Hepatitis B Virus: From Diagnosis to Treatment.\u00a0<em>Pol J Microbiol<\/em>. 2020;69(4):391-399. doi:10.33073\/pjm-2020-044\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33574867\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33574867\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8. Bernal W, Wendon J. Acute Liver Failure.\u00a0<em>N Engl J Med<\/em>. 2013;369(26):2525-2534. doi:10.1056\/NEJMra1208937\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24369077\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24369077\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9. Gustot T, Stadlbauer V, Laleman W, Alessandria C, Thursz M. Transition to decompensation and acute-on-chronic liver failure: Role of predisposing factors and precipitating events.\u00a0<em>J Hepatol<\/em>. 2021;75:S36-S48. doi:10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.005\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34039491\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34039491\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10. Papatheodoridis GV, Lekakis V, Voulgaris T, et al. Hepatitis B virus reactivation associated with new classes of immunosuppressants and immunomodulators: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and expert opinion.\u00a0<em>J Hepatol<\/em>. 2022;77(6):1670-1689. doi:10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.07.003 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35850281\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35850281\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11. Cornberg M, Sandmann L, Jaroszewicz J, et al. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatitis B virus infection.\u00a0<em>J Hepatol<\/em>. 2025;83(2):502-583. doi:10.1016\/j.jhep.2025.03.018\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.journal-of-hepatology.eu\/article\/S0168-8278(25)00174-6\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.journal-of-hepatology.eu\/article\/S0168-8278(25)00174-6\/fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12. CDC. Treatment of Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B. February 14, 2025. Accessed May 5, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/treatment\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/treatment\/index.html<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13. CDC. Hepatitis B Prevention and Control. Hepatitis B. September 24, 2025. Accessed May 5, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/prevention\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-b\/prevention\/index.html<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>14. Viral Hepatitis \u2013 STI Treatment Guidelines. February 27, 2023. Accessed May 8, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/treatment-guidelines\/hbv.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/treatment-guidelines\/hbv.htm<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>15. A Comprehensive Immunization Strategy to Eliminate Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in the United States &lt;\/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Part 1: Immunization of Infants, Children, and Adolescents. Accessed May 8, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/rr5416a1.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/rr5416a1.htm<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>16. Appendix C: Postexposure Prophylaxis of Persons with Discrete Identifiable Exposures to Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). Accessed May 8, 2026.\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/rr5416a4.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/rr5416a4.htm<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>17. Patel A, Dossaji Z, Gupta K, et al. The Epidemiology, Transmission, Genotypes, Replication, Serologic and Nucleic Acid Testing, Immunotolerance, and Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus.\u00a0<em>Gastro Hep Adv<\/em>. 2024;3(2):139-150. doi:10.1016\/j.gastha.2023.10.008\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39129942\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39129942\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>18. CDC.\u00a0HIV and Viral Hepatitis.\u00a0June 2016.\u00a0Accessed May 5, 2026.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/stacks.cdc.gov\/view\/cdc\/48584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/stacks.cdc.gov\/view\/cdc\/48584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>19. Hepatitis B and Liver Cancer HBF Fact Sheet. Accessed May 5, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hepb.org\/assets\/Uploads\/Hepatitis-B-and-Liver-Cancer-HBF-Fact-Sheet2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.hepb.org\/assets\/Uploads\/Hepatitis-B-and-Liver-Cancer-HBF-Fact-Sheet2.pdf<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>20. Tran TT. Hepatitis B virus in pregnancy.\u00a0<em>Clin Liver Dis<\/em>. 2013;2(1):29-33. doi:10.1002\/cld.159\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6448610\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6448610\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Disclaimer:<\/strong> The information provided here is for educational\/awareness purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for medical treatment by a healthcare professional and should not be relied upon to diagnose or treat any medical condition. The reader should consult a registered medical practitioner to determine the appropriateness of the information and before consuming any medication. PharmEasy does not provide any guarantee or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, legality, reliability or usefulness of the information; and disclaims any liability arising thereof.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Links and product recommendations in the information<\/em>\u00a0<em>provided here are advertisements of third-party products available on the website. PharmEasy does not make any representation on the accuracy or suitability of such products\/services. Advertisements do not influence the editorial decisions or content. The information in this blog is subject to change without notice. The authors and administrators reserve the right to modify, add, or remove content without notification. It is your responsibility to review this disclaimer regularly for any changes<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n<div class=\"pld-like-dislike-wrap pld-custom\">\r\n    <div class=\"pld-like-wrap  pld-common-wrap\">\r\n    <a href=\"javascript:void(0)\" class=\"pld-like-trigger pld-like-dislike-trigger  \" title=\"Likes\" data-post-id=\"278021\" data-trigger-type=\"like\" data-restriction=\"cookie\" data-already-liked=\"0\">\r\n                            <img src=\"https:\/\/blog-images-1.pharmeasy.in\/blog\/production\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/12132143\/like.png\" alt=\"Likes\" \/>\r\n            <\/a>\r\n    <span class=\"pld-like-count-wrap pld-count-wrap\">    <\/span>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"pld-dislike-wrap  pld-common-wrap\">\r\n    <a href=\"javascript:void(0)\" class=\"pld-dislike-trigger pld-like-dislike-trigger  \" title=\"Dislikes\" data-post-id=\"278021\" data-trigger-type=\"dislike\" data-restriction=\"cookie\" data-already-liked=\"0\">\r\n                            <img src=\"https:\/\/blog-images-1.pharmeasy.in\/blog\/production\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/12132208\/dislike.png\" alt=\"Dislikes\" \/>\r\n            <\/a>\r\n    <span class=\"pld-dislike-count-wrap pld-count-wrap\"><\/span>\r\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Introduction Have you ever felt very tired for many days or noticed your eyes looking a little yellow?\u00a0These can be\u00a0Hepatitis B symptoms1. Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by\u00a0the\u00a0Hepatitis B\u00a0virus (HBV). This virus can make the liver swollen and affect how it works2. One tricky thing about Hepatitis B is that many people do [\u2026]","protected":false},"author":176,"featured_media":278061,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[10435],"tags":[14301,14302,14298,14299,14303,14300],"acf":[],"_embedded":{"wp:featuredmedia":[{"source_url":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hepatitis-B.webp"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278021"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/176"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=278021"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278021\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":278090,"href":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278021\/revisions\/278090"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/278061"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=278021"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=278021"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pharmeasy.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=278021"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}